Studies On Optimization Of Quality Standard And The Drying Processing Method Of Polyporus Umbellatus(Pers.)Fries

Zhu Ling, the dried sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus（Pers.）Fries.（Polyporaceae）, wasfirst described in ‘Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing’. It is one of the world famous medicinal fungi,and also a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. It is also known as Ye Zhu Ling, ZhuShi Ling, Zhu Ling Zhi, Zhu Fu Ling, et al. And it has the diuretic effect attending urination,edema, et al.In recent years, the medicinal value of Polyporus umbellatus attracts more and moreattention. Polyporus polysaccharide, which is one of the active ingredients of Polyporusumbellatus, has the function of anti-tumor, enhancing human immunity, and it could protectthe liver cells, be anti-radiation, anti-aging and the pharmacological effects of anti-inflamma-tory, anti-bacterial and anti-virus; the steroidal chemical composition has a significantdiuretic effect. In order to develop the use of this medicinal fungi, the26batches of Polyporusumbellatus collected from different regions （Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Heilongjiang, Jilin,Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places）were measured the contents ofmoisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, Polyporus polysaccharide andergosterol. Then a gradient elution method was used to establish the HPLC fingerprint. Thedry processing method of Polyporus umbellatus was optimized and the initial drying processquality control system was also established, the results are as follows:1. With the reference to the2010version of ‘Chinese Pharmacopoeia’, the moisture andtotal ash contents meets the standard requirements, so as the ergosterol content. For a morecomprehensive measurement of the quality, it was suggested to add the contents of acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble extract, and Polyporus polysaccharide in the quality standard.The acid-insoluble ash content should not exceed3.5%, water-soluble extract content not lessthan11.0%and the Polyporus polysaccharide content not less than0.50%. By increasing theindexs to measure the quality of traditional Chinese medicine, we hope to improve andupgrade the Polyporus umbellatus, and may play a better role in actual quality monitoring andprotection.2. In this study, gradient elution was used to establish the HPLC fingerprint of Polyporusumbellatus, the chromatographic condition is: Symmetry C18column （250mm×4.6mm,5 μm）; mobile phase: acetonitrile（A）, water（B）, gradient elution program:0-8min,5-8A;8-20min,8-18A;20-35min,18-38A;35-70min,38-100A;70-100min,100A. columntemperature:30℃; detection wavelength:254nm; flow rate:1.0mL·min^-1; injection volume:10μL.By using the software ‘chromatographic fingerprint evaluation system A’ to evaluate thesimilarity of HPLC data, the results showed that the samples’ similarities were between0.473⁰.966, which indicated that the chemical composition of Polyporus umbellatus arequite different. It led to the result that different climate, soil conditions and other environmen-tal factors would impact on the secondary metabolites of Polyporus umbellatus, thus affectedthe accumulation of metabolites.3. The results of this study found that70℃2h,50℃drying method and other5waysof methods（dried in the sun, in the shade, at30℃, at50℃, at70℃） showed significantdifference in content of Polyporus polysaccharide; ergosterol content was decreased by driedat high temperature, and dried in the sun and dried at50℃resulted to higher ergosterol.Based on the results, there should be taken to different processing methods according to thedifferent clinical needs: in order to improve the content of Polyporus polysaccharide, and forthe anti-cancer effect and improving the body immunity, we should choose70℃2h,50℃drying method; in order to improve the content of ergosterol, and ensure the traditional use ofPolyporus umbellatus, we should choose low-temperature drying methods. By selectingsuitable drying method, we could effectively ensure the origin processing, storage, utilizationand quality of Polyporus umbellatus.In addition, the study added HACCP quality control system in the processing method ofPolyporus umbellatus. Based on the characteristics of the process and the product itself, thehazard analysis has been made in various processes, determined four key links in the entireprocess, and set priorities for these critical control points. HACCP provides an importantguarantee to improve the quality and the safety use of the processing method of Polyporusumbellatus, and also provides a reference for the quality of the management and control ofother traditional Chinese medicines.