The Expression And Clinical Significance In HIV-1Infection Of NKG2D Receptor And Ligands

Background:HIV mainly violate human immunocyte, including CD4+T cells, macrophage and dendrtic cells,leading to depletion of CD4+T cells and the human cell immune function defect, resulting in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS) and all kinds of opportunistic infection and tumor. HAART(highly active antiretroviral therapy) can continue to reduce the number of HIV, rebuild the immune system, control opportunistic infection, slow progress, reduce the spread of disease, and improve the quality of life for the patient, reduce social and family burden.NKG2D (natural-killer group2, member D) is an C-type lectin-like activating receptor. In recent years,more and more NKG2D ligands have been found.NKG2D is a highly conserved receptor binds,while it’s ligands family are surprisingly diverse with distant relatives of MHC-class-I molecules.This paper would research the expression and clinical significance in HIV-1infection of NKG2D receptor and ligands, HAART treatment for NKG2D receptor and ligand expression effect.Objective:To research the expression and clinical significance in HIV-1infection of NKG2D receptor on NK cell surface and ligands(ULBP1and ULBP2) on CD4+T lymphocyte surface, HAART treatment for NKG2D receptor and ligand ULBP1and ULBP2expression effect, To further explore the pathogenesis and the mechanism of immune reconstruction of HIV/AIDS.Methods:16healthy controls(NC group),15HIV-1infected untreated patients(HIV group),20AIDS untreated patients(AIDS group) and14the strict of HAART1year group(HAART group) were selected randomly. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained after Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation of whole blood. Magnetic bead sorted out of NK cells (CD56positive cells) and CD4+T cells (CD3positiveCD4positive cells). Flow cytometry detected the expression of NKG2D on NK cell surface, ULBP1or ULBP2and double positive expression of ULBP1and ULBP2on CD4+T lymphocyte surface,and the correlation of absolute CD4cell count and the indicators above.Results:after HIV infection, the expression of NKG2D on NK cell surface was lower than the healthy controls, with the progress of the disease, this difference was more apparent, highly active antiretroviral therapy could increase NKG2D expression. HIV group was lower than NC group, and AIDS group was lower than HIV group, while HAART group was higher than AIDS group. The expression of ULBP1and ULBP2on CD4+T cell surface rose after HIV infection, with the progress of the disease, this increase was more, highly active antiretroviral therapy could reverse this rising. HIV group was higher than NC group, AIDS group was higher than HIV group, while HAART group was lower than AIDS group. Absolute count of CD4cell correlated NKG2D,ULBP1and ULBP2.Besides,NKG2D correlated ULBP1and ULBP2.Conclusion:1. Domestic first observed NK cell surface receptor NKG2D expression level significantly decreased significantly, the expression of ULBP1and ULBP2on the surface of CD4+T cells increased significantly in hiv-infected patients peripheral blood, the change along with the progress of group (AIDS) more prominent, and its change correlated CD4+T lymphocyte count absolutely. Moreover NK cell surface NKG2D expression correlates CD4+T lymphocyte surface ULBP1and ULBP2expression.This prompt NKG2D receptor on the surface of the NK cells and the ULBP1, ULBP2on CD4+T lymphocyte surface are involved in the immune pathological process and the immune pathogenesis of HIV infection.2. People living with HIV was observed for the first time, especially AIDS patients peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocyte surface ULBP1/ULBP2double positive cells expression increased significantly, and along with the progress the change is more significant. And its expression correlates CD4+T lymphocyte count and the expression of NKG2D on NK cells surface.3. People living with HIV was observed for the first time level of peripheral blood NK cell surface receptor NKG2D, CD4+T lymphocyte surface ULBP1and ULBP2ligands and ULBP1/ULBP2double positive cells expression levels of change, correlated CD4+T lymphocyte count, a year of HAART can partially correct the change, may participate in the above three of the people living with HIV antiretroviral treatment of immune reconstruction process.