Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Chronic Kidney Disease In The Adult Population Receiving Physical Examination From Jinan

Objective：To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease(CKD) in the adult population receiving physical examination in Jinan.Methods: It was a retrospective analysis on the first examination data ofthe healthy adult,who received physical examination at the Medical center of NO.456Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, from February2007to May2011.The dataincluded gender,age,height,weight,systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic bloodpressure(DBP),disease history(hepertension or diabetes),ultrasonic B,totalcholesterol(TCH),thilyceride(TG)，fasting blood glucose(FBG),hemoglobin(Hb),serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),routine urine test.Depending thediagnosis critetia of CKD,we analyzed the prevalence of CKD and its risk factors.Results:1.In the total10016healthy persons, male-to-female ratio was2.04:1,hematuria positive was for422people, the prevalence was4.20%(95%CI:3.81%-4.59%),the prevalence in female was higher than in men,8.70%and2.01%, respectively,but it had nothing to do with age.2.The Prevalence ofproteinuria was0.70%(95%CI:0.54%-0.86%), no difference in prevalence betweenmen and women. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the positive correlationwas between proteinuria and age (R=0.032, P=0.002).3.The rate of decline in renalfunction was2.09%(95%CI:1.81%-2.37%),the rate in women and men wererespectively5.13%and0.72%,the decline in renal function with age was a positivecorrelation (R=0.124).4.The prevalence of CKD was6.37%(95%CI:5.89% -6.85%),the male to female ratio was1:1.93, the rate was3.25%and12.73%, thedifference was statistically significant. Between CKD and age presented a positivecorrelation (R=0.093, P=0.000).5.After the two categories of non-conditionallogistic regression analysis,female was independently risk factorfor hematuria. Hypertension and diabetes were risk factors for albuminuria.Gender,age and obesity were independently associated with reduced eGFR.Gender, age, renalcysts and diabetes were independently risk factors for CKD (P≤0.05). The OR valuewere4.677,1.315,1.666and1.593.6.In the physical examination population, theincidence of simple renal cysts was3.13%, men slightly more than women (3.56%and2.27%), renal cysts incidence rised with increasing age(R=0.097). The locationof renal cysts had no significant statistical association between the number and size ofgender, age.7.Without underlying disease,267patients with simple renal cysts, theprevalence of CKD was significantly higher than the overall (13.11%and6.37%, P<0.05).8, Hypertension had no significant statistical association with unilateral cystor bilateral cysts,but with cyst number and diameter was a significant positivecorrelation (P=0.039and0.037), multiple cysts in patients with systolic bloodpressure were significantly higher than the level of a single cyst.Bivariate correlationanalysis showed a positive correlation (R=0.150) was between systolic bloodpressure and the size of cyst,the length lower1.2cm significantly differed from thegroup of between2and2.99cm, but no significant association with diastolic bloodpressure.9, Proteinuria incidence in bilateral cyst was higher than unilateral (P=0.04).cyst number, size unrelated, hematuria and renal function decline was notsignificantly associated with simple renal cysts.Conclusions: This study is a large sample research survey,which is a single center forphysical examination population,1.According to the diagnosis criteria of CKD, CKDprevalence was6.37%, the female prevalence and men’s is12.73%and3.25%, andthe reason is mainly due to the high hematuria prevalence of women, resulting in anincrease in patients with CKD.2.The CKD incidence increased with age, showed apositive correlation (R=0.093).Gender, age(10years older), renal cysts anddiabetes are independently associated with CKD. but the veiws about renal cysts is the CKD risk factors are not explicitly defined, and further research is needed.3.Simple renal cysts early have no obvious symptoms, but the prevalence of renalcysts increases with age,body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, serumcreatinine was positively correlated with cysts,but the glomerular filtration rate wasnegatively correlated. Renal cyst diameter and systolic blood pressure was positivelycorrelated, with cysts larger than2cm,systolic blood pressure of patients increasedsignificantly. The incidence and development of renal cysts associated with chronickidney disease progress, reasonable treatment of cyst can delay the progress ofchronic kidney damage. CKD prevalence in patients of simple renal cysts are higherthan in the the free cyst, cyst number, size are associated with the severity ofdisease,and disease prognosis.Simple renal cysts has a link with CKD, renal cysts canbe a special type of CKD.4.Metabolic syndrome as a recognized risk factor for CKD,some indicators, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia in this study did not show dangerous.Such as kidney stones,, anemia are not recognized indicators and now become a hottopic, whether being CKD risk factors remains controversial, this study found no risk.5.CKD, even in a high incidence in the physical examination population.The high-riskgroups of CKD should be strengthened in the screening, so early detection andintervention could help to delay the progress of CKD, prevent the occurrenceof ESRD and CVD and reduce social and family burden.