Study On The Impact Of The Advances In Genetic Testing On The Insurance In Our Country

The innovation of gene detection technology brings cost reduction and shorter detection time. At first it affect our medical domain, provides a new way of thinking for treatment disease. But innovative development of gene detection technology has also affected other areas,including insurance and employment. This article focuses on the advances in gene detection technology and it’s influence on our life insurance field.On the one hand, the progress of gene detection technology in the life insurance market, the primary issue insurers faced is whether or not the use of genetic information as a condition of insurance. The man who bought the insurance places genetic privacy and equality rights against such "genetic discrimination." Currently in process of personal insurance underwriting, whether to allow insurers to use genetic information there is a big controversy:General ethicists and jurists called for a ban of genetic discrimination, Europe and some of the country’s legislation also prohibits insurance companies use genetic information in personal insurance of nuclear ensure process. Our legislation should learn from the developed countries legislative experience, taking into account the domestic insurance market and the development of the health care market at the same time.On the other hand, the insurance market has its unique operation rules, insurers follow the "burden of fairness premium" and "risk selection principle ". Insurers according the risks to determine the appropriate size of the premium rate, for example, in case of the same physical condition, a smoker’s rates will be higher than a rate of non-smoker’s, while insurance companies can deny high risk of subject-matter insured. The effective operation of the insurance industry is based on the actuarial basis of the "discrimination." Therefore, the legislative task is to find life insurance underwriting use genetic information rational during the evaluation criteria, and establish a legal system to regulate insurance companies’ underwriting process using genetic information, to balance the insurance between company and the interests of policyholders and the costs.Genetic testing technology is not massive popularity at this stage, in addition to a single disease genes and disease has a determined relationship, the majority of disease genes and disease pathogenesis has not been determined. In order to prevent misuse of genetic information, resulting in policyholders genetic discrimination, we should legislate in general, prohibit the insurer from using genetic information.With the further development of genetic testing, genetic testing reduce costs further, the insured will be able to learn self-detect individual genetic information by self-checking, form a insured information superiority. By game analysis, the insured will be adverse selection. At this time, insurers is subjected to the general prohibition of genetic discrimination principle, unable to face a reasonable distinction between genetic risk, that will undermine the normal operation of the commercial insurance market ultimately, insured person unable to make a profit and then exit the market.Decline in the cost of genetic testing, the individual’s genetic information will be obtain easier. In the future further development of gene technology and clinical statistical database is established, the occurrence of disease genes and future relations will be more accurate. To maintain the normal operation of the insurance market, then both sides will be allowed to use genetic information, then life insurance risk will be refined:1. Individuals contain no virulence genes that will no longer be insured Life Insurance2. Necessary pathogenic individuals will be rejected3. Risk insured by the insurer is the risk in between1&2. At this point the risk classification will be more refinement, it will led law of base will gets smaller that large numbers which to use. Meanwhile, with the advances in gene technology changing, The past experience is used to predict future if there is an overflow condition exists. Then the law of large numbers will gradually lapsed.This paper is divided into four chapters:Chapter one:The innovative development of genetic testing technology This chapter discussed from the beginning of the emergence of genetic testing techniques, mainly discusses the post-detection technology in the new century brought about the innovative development in the field of genetic testing. This chapter also make a distinguish between physical examination and routine physical examination of genetic analysis, while discuss the genetic information and the similarities and differences between conventional detection information. In this chapter, mainly discuss on the new generation of innovative genetic testing technologies, resulting in a significantly reduced testing costs, that will be the background of this paper.Chapter two:Genes and genetic discrimination legislationThe chapter starts from the concept of genetic discrimination, combing the genetic discrimination issues exist in the field of current domestic and foreign life insurance. Finally, give a simple assessment of the current national insurance field against the legislation of genetic discrimination, at the same time learn from foreign legislative situation, gives some good advice at current stage of China’s legislation.Chapter three:The problems from the Life Insurance genetic testing technologyThe chapter mainly about game playing analyze, forecast the development of genetic testing in the future. In one insurance, both sides will be after two games about whether the use of genetic information. The information will be form three stages. The first stage is a general ban insurers using genetic information, the second stage is a large number of applicant reverse selection phase, the third phase is a phase of the insurance may use genetic information.Chapter four:The impact on our life insurance market and some future prospectsThis chapter analyzes the previous text on the basis of health and life insurance, analyze from the field are analyzed to explore the development of gene technology opportunities and challenges, as well as some future prospects.