| ObjectiveUnderstand the taicang dimethyl formamide (DMF) distribution of occupational hazard factorsand its influence on contact with the crowd health， To investigate the effect ofN,N-dimethylformamide（DMF） on oxidation/antioxidant status among occupational exposedworkers.MethodDMF occupational health survey choose taicang city2leather manufacturing companies and1leather pulp production companies contact865employees of DMF as contact group，386employees in the three companies does not contact the DMF as the control group, using thequestionnaire survey, DMF concentration determination, employee occupational health check-upmethods such as collect relevant data and statistical analysis.104DMF exposed workers and101controls were recruited in this study. Occupational history, age, gender, smoking and alcohol habitsof all subjects were collected by questionnaire. DMF concentration in the air of workplace wasdetermined. N-methylcarbamoylated haemoglobin adduct （NMHb）in blood was used as anexposure biomarker, which was expressed as3-methyl-5-isopropylhydantoin （MVH）, adegeneration product of NMHb. Serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartateaminotransferase（AST）levels were detected to reflect liver function. Serum superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity, glutathione-S-transferase（GST）activity, malondialdehyde（MDA）levels,3-nitrotyrosine（3-NT）levels were detected to reflect oxidative/antioxidative status.Result1. After the date of registration verification (by safety occupational disease hazards declarationsystem), confirm the taicang city with DMF, a total of three units used at present.1including2leather manufacturing, pulp production. This study will be the three companies are included in thescope of research.2. the concentration of DMF in the air at workplaces in Three companies,there are about 97points,291will get samples, concentration range of3.3-94.2mg/m3, qualified point75, percentof pass is77%.3.Two groups in age, gender, working years, smoking, drinking alcohol, etc, there was nosignificant difference of distribution. Leather manufacturing DMF concentration is high in the air,the pulp industry production of ingredients, with the highest concentration of jobs. Contact groupclinical manifestation is given priority to with the digestive system, nervous system symptoms,including a higher incidence of anorexia (25.5%), nausea (23.6%), abdominal distension (22.2%),liver area pain (17.3%), followed by fatigue (7.8%), headache (5.3%), rash (4.5%), compared with thecontrol group had significant difference (P＜0.05). Contact group liver function abnormality rate(26.1%) is significantly higher than control group (3.9%)(P＜0.0001), ingredients, post liverfunction abnormal rate (28.6%,25.8%respectively) were significantly higher than those windingrolling (6.6%),(7.8%), auxiliary section (2.9%), office (4.2%)(P＜0.0001). Routine urine andblood tests abnormal rate there was no significant difference between the two groups.4. DMFconcentration inworkplace air was withinthe range of3.3-12.4mg/m3, which was notexceeded our national standard. The MVH level in exposed workers was（19.69±12.52）mg/kg, butwas not detectable in control group. The activity of SOD in exposed workers [(125.30±21.23) U/ml]was significantly higher than that of the control group [(118.35±18.48) U/ml, P=0.014]. However,the activity of SOD showed different trends with the increasing of MVH level. When MVH≤24mg/kg, the SOD activity increased with the increasing of MVH level（N=72, R=0.356, P=0.002）,while when MVH>24mg/kg, SOD activity expressed decreasing trend with the increasing of MVHlevel（N=32, R=-0.260, P=0.150）. No significant differences were observed in GST, MDA,3-NT, ALT,AST levels among these two groups..Conclude1. DMF as new occupational-disease-inductive factors have appeared in taicang,although small number (3) business but has formed a large-scale production enterprises,the regulation will become new content of occupational disease hazard control.2. The testing results show that the leather pulp manufacturing industry in theworkplaces where DMF concentration is far lower than the leather manufacturingindustry; Leather manufacturing industry to ingredients and with the two main processhazard is serious, prompt the next key supervision enterprise mainly leathermanufacturers of ingredients and paint jobs.3.DMF occupational hazards in leather manufacturing enterprises more prominentin Taicang, especially the ingredients and with two type of work. In the air ofworkplaces DMF concentration is the main factor resulting in abnormal liver function. 2. DMF exposure might have stimulatory effect on antioxidant system of the bodyunder such lower concentration, within the range of compensatory defense, DMFexposure did not cause obvious lipid and/or protein peroxidative damage. |
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