Research On The Policy Of British Decolonization To Malaya From1945to1957

After World War Ⅱ, the international situation has been undergoing profound changes because a great many countries have been weakened by the war. The old colonial empires hadn’t already sustained a large oversea colonial territory, in addition to the upsurge of nation consciousness in colonial countries, consequently, the trend of decolonization sweep across the whole world. Under such a background, my thesis will study the processes of that how British reoccupied the Malayan island and then with the alternation of the circumstances to guide it to retreat from the colony step by step. This paper will also analyze the mechanism of the British decolonization. As we all know, British did not take any irresponsible action to discard Malaya, but also he reformed a withdrawal mechanism in the Commonwealth, in which contained the scheme to build a nation-state in Malaya. It was for the purpose to protect the interests of Britain, but also to promote the transition of Malaya colony from traditional society to modern society. Based on the British decolonization policy research, this paper attempts to comprehensively reflect the historical trend which is contained in the decolonization movement, and to help us to understand the historical process of decolonization and the Britain experience.The main body of this paper is divided into three parts. The first chapter briefly presents the historical settings. At the beginning, it discourses the Malaya society and country in colonial period and the influence of Japanese occupation to Malaya. Then it discusses the motivation and course that the British returned to Malaya after the world war II.The second part of the paper focuses on analyzing the changes of British policy to Malaya. It mostly talks about the procedure of Malaya Union Plans, including it how to brew, how to launch and how to be frustrated, and the analysis of causes. Secondly, it scratches the federal plans on it coming on the stage and carrying out. At the end of this chapter, I make a deep comparison of the two policies. The third chapter describes the process that Britain assists Malaya in building the nation-state and retreats from it gradually. With the development of the situation, Britain modifies his programs once more. On the one hand, he takes the advantage of the emergency to strengthen the military control over Malaya, on the other hand, he opens the door of politics and promises giving the independence of Malaya.In epilogue, the article evaluates the policy of British decolonization. It assesses its value of British decolonization in Malaya in the history of British decolonization. In the end, it also makes a simple comparison between Britain and France.