The Study On Shangqing Taoism And Novels Of Han, Wei And Six-Dyansties

This thesis intends to analysis the realationship between the novels of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties and the Shangqing Taoism from bi-directional perspective, which concluds how Shangqing Taoism influenced the creation of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties novels, and how works and classics of Shangqing Taoism sucked the writing techniques of novels. This thesis concluds two parts:The First Part:How Shangqing Taoism Influenced The Novels of Six Dynasties.The Conceptions on Methods of Meditation of Shangqing Taoism and The Novels About The Encounting Between Motals and Imortals."keeping thinking" is the main method of meditation. Shangqing Taoism believes that the connection between motals and imortals can be built by "keeping thinking" hence the themes of descendation to the secular world and dreaming gods were produced. Descendation to the secular world concluds two levels:firstly, the stories about human beings and the mortals inside immortals’ bodys; secondly, the stories about godness’s passing her ministry or about the love between godnesses and motals. The heroes in novels are ascetics or males from vugars, and they can get the mental satisfication of love and money to make up pities existed in real life. The Cave Paradises From Shangqing Taoism and Wonderlands Description in The NovelsUnder the social background of sequential war, plague, and death in Wei and Jin dynasties, wonderlands in Shangqing Taoism transfered from far-off Kunlun mountain and ethereal islands to the earthly cave paradises. There are lots of peaceful and holy wonderland descriptions in volumes of scriptures and fictions from Shangqing Taoism. Novels on some mortals entering the wonderlands by accident and coming across the immortals also arises accordingly. The novels follow some kind of paradigm of narration to express motals’pursuit of wealthiness, freedom and safeness.The Second Part:The Influence of Novels Towards the Classics and Biographies of Shangqing TaoismThe Influence of These Fictions Towards the Classics of Shangqing Taoism.The birth, growth and storing of Shangqing Taoism classics was recorded in Zhengao as a novel. The content about the themes on love of motals and immotals and the test to aspirants was characteried with novels; what’s more, the narration of illegible writing has benefited the subsequent novels deeply.The Influence of These Fictions Towards the Biographies Concerning Shangqing TaoismThe biographies concerning Shangqing Taoism, represented by Mrs Wei Biography as well as Dong-Xian Biography, more or less develop and innovate based on those fictions during the6-dynasties periods, ranging from Han dynasty to Wei dynasty. They mostly adopted the artistic techniques commonly employed in fictions, for example, to fabricate or to exaggerate, and they valued the construction of the story plots. The later evil-spirit novels were also profoundly affected by these biographies.Finally, according to the preceding analyses, this thesis makes a conclusion on the value and significance of the appearance of the Taoism novels during the6-dynasties periods, taking a perspective of the novelistic history and the scholastic history.