Loess Core Terrain Topography Spatial Pattern Based On Factor Analysis

The topographical factors quantitatively describe the characteristics of the terrain and its evolution, reflect the terrestrial material migration and the energy conversion strength, and also reveal the intrinsic formation mechanism and development trend of the basic environmental pattern of the ground surface. The topographical factors are utilized to quantize and express the terrain characteristics, which is of great significance in the study of the morphological characteristics, spatial differentiation laws and the evolution mode of the loess plateau. First of all, the topographical factors of the loess landform are classified systematically in this paper. Based on the classification principle of the topographical factors, and with the description object, analysis scope and indicator function of the topographical factors as the fundamental basis, the classification system of the topographical factors of the loess landform is established. Afterwards, in accordance with certain principles and basis,19topographical factors are qualitatively chosen from three different scales of slope, watershed and region. The area to the north of the Guanzhong plain within Shaanxi, which is the most developed loess landform, shall be taken as the study area, and the digital elevation model (DEM) shall be taken as the basic information source. By applying the digital terrain analysis, mathematical statistics and other methods, different topographical factors are chosen according to different types of loess landforms, and10core topographical factors describing the topographic features of the loess plateau are finally concluded. On this basis,4comprehensive topographical factors of the loess landform are obtained through the factor analysis method.48sample regions which are uniformly distributed shall be taken as the study sample regions of spatial differentiation, to analyze the spatial differentiation laws of the comprehensive topographical factors of the loess landform in the north of Shaanxi Province. Meanwhile, by utilizing the regional differences among the core factors, and through the object-oriented and multi-scaled segmentation method, the region division of the loess landforms of the north of Shaanxi Province is realized.