| With the rapid social and economic development and the rising population, contradictory relationship between people and land is becoming more and more tense that human activities make the status of land use and surface landscape constantly undergo significant changes. Landscape pattern change research is becoming a hot research direction of landscape ecology and using landscape indices becomes an effective means of quantitative analysis of landscape pattern; meanwhile, the study of landscape pattern is effected by the scale, accurately grasping the scale effect of the law is conducive to a correct understanding of the changes in the landscape pattern.This paper selected representative mountain area Xundian, Yunnan Province as study area. Supported by Remote sensing software ERDAS, geographic information system software ArcGIS and landscape analysis software Fragstats, as well as spatial analysis and landscape pattern analysis method were used, quantitative research and in-depth analysis of central Yunnan mountainous land was carried out to land use dynamics and landscape pattern. At last, through18landscape indices were selected from the landscape level, the response of granularity change to the landscape indices was discussed.First, the land use data was acquired by using remote sensing techniques to interpret three TM images. The study found, the land use of Xundian during three periods was mainly, covered by forest land and farmland, which accounted for more than90%of the total area of the county. The water area and others land were minimum. During the two time slot, the various land use types had switched in and out through the transfer matrix of land. From1992to2001, the greatest changed area were forest land and farmland. Farmland decreased315.78km2, and the forest land increased245.76km2;From2001to2006, the various types of land-use changed basic little.Overlay landscape pattern maps and topographic information extracted, it was found that, in the range of elevation, farmland and forest land occupied more than80%of the area of each elevation; in the range of slope, all types of landscape type were mainly distributed in the slope of the range of0-25°, accounting for more than80%of their respective total area; and relatively speaking, landscape spread evenly in the range of aspect. Terrain distribution index showed construction land and water had strong selectivity to elevation; in the aspect, waters, farmland and construction land tended to distribute in the relatively gentle terrain, and forest land showed strong distribution advantage in steep places. Construction land and farmland had strong selectivity to aspect, however, forest land and waters were not very strong.Through landscape index, landscape pattern was analysised from path types level and landscape level, and quantitative description of landscape pattern change was explained. At last of the paper, the influence of granularity changes to landscape index was discussed. Results showed the Grain Size Effect of18landscape indexes could be divided into4tendencies as the granularity increased:the numbers of path, patch density, the total of edge, edge density, landscape shape index, aggregation index and contagion showed a regular decrease trend, with a clear scale effect; mean shape index, mean fractal dimension index and the largest patch index firstly presented a decreasing trend, after the more obvious granularity turning point; mean path area, Division index, Interspersion Juxtaposition index and Splitting index presented a increasing trend with obvious turning point or not. Total area, the Shannon diversity index, Shannon evenness index and path richness presented unconspicuous trend and unpredictability. |
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