| The Crested Ibis(Nipponia nippon) was endangered species on the IUCN Red List and listed as a first grade national protected species. Since then great attention was attracted by the related professor, Chinese government and related research institute, Crested Ibis protection has gained great achievements in the past30years. Reintroduction was one of the most direct and effective ways to save the endangered species. The reintroduction program of the Crested Ibis was considered to be a successful breeding crested ibis population in the worldwide reintroduction program.The paper aimed to describe the parent care in in the brooding period. We conducted fieldwork of the six pair of the Crested Ibis in Ningshan County from2008to2012.The brooding time, number of feeding bouts, date of hatching, date of fledging and clutch size was collected.In order to explore the diference of the male and female parent care in the reintroduce Crested Ibis population, brooding time and feeding bouts were analyzed and quantified. For the sake of guiding and improving the reintroduce Crested Ibis population and provide the scientific basis for the reintroduction program, we studied the brood behavior of reintroduction population in Ningshan County compared with the wild population in Yangxian County.From2008to2012, a total of47young birds were fledged in the27pair of the Crested Ibis in Ningshan County. The average fledging rate which differed significantly among clutches (t=6.932, P=0.000<0.01, df=26) was68.30%. However, there has no significant difference during the5years (F=0.678, P=0.615>0.05, df=4). The average breeding success rates of the overall breeding pairs was56.26%and varied highly significantly among the clutches (t=7.06, P=0.000<0.01, df=26). There has no significant difference during the5years (F=0.632, P=0.441>0.05, df=4).The mean daily nest attendance frequency was6.21±2.63(n=84) in these6nests. The brood phase was last about five weeks. The average nest attendance frequency in these five weeks was followed by4.08±1.73,6.33±1.07,8.08±1.08,7.17±2.04and6.92±2.5.The clutch size changed with abundance of food.The least clutch sizes can lead to reduced nest attendance frequency.In the brood phases, the average daily feeding bouts was20.5±11.22(n=168), the males’was20.5±11.21(n=84), the females’was19.17±11.19(n=84). The average feeding bouts by males was not significantly than females (t=1.597, P=0.117>0.05, df=166). Feeding bouts has be changed with day age of the young bird(female: F=3.009, P=0.003<0.01,male:F=3.209, P=0.002<0.01). The mean brooding time a day of female was290±123.3min,the males’ was288±132.78min.There was no significant difference of the mean brooding time a day between two genders (t=0.556, P=0.581>0.05,df=166).We studied the parental care of reintroduction population in Ningshan County compared with the wild population in Yangxian County. The consequence showed that the mean nest attendance frequency, the average fledging rate and breeding success rates of reintroduction population was similar to the wild population(t=-0.415, P=0.908>0.05,df=8;t=0.113, P=0.915>0.05, df=4;t=0.050, P=0.963>0.05, df=4). In addition, the mean brooding time, feeding bouts of reintroduction population was significantly different from the wild population(female:t=-6.258,P=0.000<0.01,df=8,male:t=-3.948,P=0.004<0.01, df=8;female:t=4.001,P=0.000<0.01,male: t=6.313,P=0.000<0.01). |
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