| With the acceleration of urbanization, car ownership and high buildings in cities are increasing, and green land is decreasing. The pollution problem of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere is more and more serious. Fine particle (PM2.5), which has already become the primary pollutant in many cities for most of the time, has great harm to urban environment and human health. Nowadays, researches about PM2.5mainly focus on source, chemical constituents, concentration distribution and impact factors, or discuss the influence on human health of inhalable particulates in pathology or toxicology terms in our country. Although studies have get achievements in many cities, most monitoring points of researches are not much. It has not formed a complete system. Meanwhile, researches about PM2.5and human respiratory health are not comprehensive.Beijing urban was taken as research area in this study. Images of Lansat-5and HJ-1A in combine with field measurement data were used to do inversion research on fine particulate matter including PM0.3, PM0.5and PM1.0to analyze the horizontal distribution characteristics of particulate matter from2008to2012year. Concentration of PM2.5in different vertical heights and impact factors, such as temperature, relative humidity and wind force, were monitored during heating period in winter from December,2012to January2013to inquire the vertical variation of PM2.5and impact factors in Beijing city. In the meantime, hospital data about respiratory disease from2008to2012year was gathered and counted. Space method of Geographic Information System (GIS), linear regression and grey relationship analysis were used to analyze the correlation degree between fine particulate and respiratory disease. Main study contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) Concentration of PM2.5was different at the same time in the horizontal direction. Landsat-5and HJ-1A images combined with measured data from2008to2012were used to do retrieval experiment about aerosol optical depth. Distribution of concentration of PMo3, PM0.5and PM1.0in the horizontal direction was analyzed. In the inversion results, concentrations of different size of particulate matters were different in the same year. The smaller the size of particle, the higher the concentration was.(2) There was some regularity in the variation of concentration of PM2.5in the vertical direction. Concentration of PM2.5and impact factors including temperature, relative humidity and wind force in different vertical heights were collected in heating-period. Grey relational method was used to analyze the relevancy degree between impact factors and concentration of PM2.5. The results showed that concentration of PM2.5changed by time and first decreased then increased by height. In the case of good air quality, grey relational grade of wind-force between meteorological factors and concentration of PM2.5was the most, then was relative humidity and the smallest was temperature. When atmospheric pollution was severe, there were no obvious rules for vertical variation characteristics of PM2.5and relationship between meteorological factors and concentration of PM2.5ยท(3) There was some correlation between morbidity of respiratory disease and fine particle. Respiratory disease data from2008to2012year was obtained and counted in sub-district office. Software of GiS was used to extract the concentration of fine particles in each sub-district office. Linear regression analysis was selected firstly to confirm coverage area in this study. Then grey correlation method was taken to discuss the relationship with particulate pollutants and respiratory disease in each sub-district office of the coverage area. The results indicated that there was a connection between respiratory disease and fine particulate matter. The smaller the size of particulate matter, the higher the relevancy degree with number of patient of respiratory system disease was. |
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