Evolution Of Tianjin Water And Wetland Environmental Changes Since The 1960s

Tianjin is located in the downstream of haihe river basin which is in the northeast of China, one of China’s four municipalities. As the global climate change and human development, the water environment is destroyed rapidly. Tianjin, as main collection area of the haihe river basin’s water resources, the water environment problem is particularly prominent. From1960s to now, Tianjin’s water environment has changed dramatically. The haihe river basin’s climate change led to the sharp reduction in rainfall,and because of the reform and opening-up, the Tianjin urban development grows very fast. Tianjin’s water resources quantity decreased dramatically; Tianjin’s rivers which the flow has fallen sharply gets more year by year; Upstream water reduction results the reduction of many reservoirs’water quantity,and the water area is greatly reduced; Groundwater quantity decreased dramatically, water level is declining year by year; The acceleration of urban construction and the decrease of water make wetland shrinking year by year and the share of constructed wetlands is also increasing, wetland reduced nearly ninety percent since the1960s.Analyzing hydro logical yearbook and other data and based on previous studies, starting from the whole haihe river basin to analyze the dynamic trend of the change of water environment in Tianjin Analyzed the reasons of change of water environment in Tianjin from natural factors and human factors; Did cause analysis for three typical water environment problems, proposed the corresponding explanation; Summarized Tianjin’s wetland situation and problems, put forward the corresponding improvement measures.This article analyzes the causes of Tianjin’s water environment’s changes from the perspective of historical evolution in "nature-society" binary way; Haihe river basin climate has changed dramatically since1960s because of overall global climate. With the Tianjin’s rapid economic development, makes the water environment has changed more dramatically. Explained the BeiDaGang salt distribution problem by analyzing the changes of vegetation index and water area; Proposed the concept of Tianjin’s groundwater flow backward inland, etc.