Technology And Mechanism Of Soluble Salts Damage Immovable Stone Relics Wash Pollutants

Unmovable historic stones exposed out-of-doors are badly damaged due to natural and human factors. It will destroy the aesthetic and historic values of the historic stones. In additional, it will accelerate corrosion of historic stone and lead to the loss of precious information on relics’ surface. The corrosion mechanism and cleaning method of pollution on stone relics’ surface has become an urgent issue to conservation science. With the background of Yungang grottoes, this paper conducts the research of three aspects, including:(1) Research of chemical cleaning methods to remove pollutions form stone relics’ surface. We carry out the relative cleaning methods and materials to three typical pollutions respectively, which including microbes, grease and handwriting. This study can be taken consideration into the future conservation and restoration technology.(2) Cycle of salt disruption experiments were carried out to study the effect of soluble salts on sandstone samples. Through the experiments, we discussed the regularity and mechanism of sandstone disruption in the process of drying and watering cycle. At the same time, we discussed the role of grease stain and Chinese ink in damage process. The result indicates that grease stain and Chinese ink can prevent or postpone the attack of and salt destruction.(3) The computer molecular simulation of salts’ migration and adsorption was carried out under molecular lever. The molecular dynamics simulation was employed to investigate the of aqueous sodium sulfate solutions within quartz nanopores. The results clearly show an adsorption of sodium sulfate solution onto quartz surface, which illustrate the effect of quartz surface on the diffusion and precipitation of aqueous salt solutions under confinement, thus providing a new method to study the mechanism of salt destruction on stone relics.