Low Temperature And Low-dimensional Materials, Solid-phase Synthesis And Characterization

The low-thermal solid-phase method was developed in the last three decades, it isdifferent from the traditional preparation methods. This method does not requiresolvents, simple operation, less pollution, suitable for mass production advantages suchconcern.This paper introduces the microwave in low-thermal solid-phase reaction, bymicrowave-assisted low-thermal solid-phase reaction, La(OH)3, ZnO, α-NiC2O4H2O low-dimensional nanomaterials were prepared. The reaction system of microwavepower, the heating time, additives, water bath, material ratio, realizes the controlon the morphology and size of products. The content of this thesis are as follows:The first use of microwave-assisted low-thermal solid-phase method with PEG-400and PEG-1000as a surface modifier prepared La(OH)3nanospheres and nanorods,and products characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, IR and other method. Then thethe type and amount of surfactant, microwave time, microwave power and otherconditions on products size and morphology were discussed, and to explore thepossibility of the mechanism of the reaction process. The results show that, theLa(OH)3nanoparticles mean diameter in the30nm, La(OH)3nanorod length up to300nm, the ratio of length to diameter of more than6. Through the fluorescencespectrum analysis of La(OH)3nanorods with green emission.The use of PEG-400and KCl surface modifier, using microwave-assistedlow-thermal solid-phase method were prepared ZnO nanoparticles and nanorods.Through XRD, SEM, TEM, ect for the preparation of characterized the products.The photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanomaterials were studied.Then the differentzinc, material ratio, additives and other conditions on products size and morphologywere discussed, and explore the possible mechanism of the reaction. The results show that ZnO nanoparticles of20nm average particle size using the PEG-400, uniformityand dispersibility of the particles is preferably obtained; average length, ZnOnanorods up to200nm the prepared using a solid additive KCl, the average diameterare20nm. ZnO nanomaterials have photocatalytic activity.For the first time by microwave low-thermal solid-phase method, using PEG-400as surfactant,α-NiC2O4H2O nanoparticles and nanorods were prepared by grindingand microwave radiation, Through XRD, SEM, TEM, ect for the preparation ofcharacterized the products.Explores the grinding time, microwave power, materialratio, the impact of surfactants on the size and shape of the products, and to explorethe possible mechanism of the reaction process. The results showed thatα-NiC2O4H2O nanospheres average diameter are30nm, α-NiC2O4H2O nanorods averagelength are200nm, the diameter are40nm, an aspect ratio is5.