| Villagers’ self-governance, springed up at the early1980s in China, is created bypioneering peasantry in the historical context of reform and opening up and plays animportant role in building China into democratic society. As an indispensable part in basiclevel construction, the success of self-governance probably will be a new start to reform anddevelop Chinese democratic politics from village to the whole country’s political system.The institution of villager committee election is a set of norms about organization andbehavior stipulated in rural governance in accordance with constitution and relevant laws. Itbases on the system of self-governance of villagers and shows the collective wisdom of thepeasantry. The enacted of The Organic Law of the Villagers Committees of the People’sRepublic of China in1987marked China’s election in rural areas has already been on theright way to construct democracy and law, which arouses extensive concern of home andabroad and gradually becomes the hot topic of many academic sectors. In practice, althoughvarious regions have formulated plans and election patterns based on their local features, thewhole election is lack of simplicity, fairness, reason and handiness, which manifest thatdemocratic election in rural areas still have some deep-rooted problems, such as improperintervention of town government, political harassment from religious and vicious power,bribery and dismissing at an election, irregularity in complement, and institutional deficiency,etc, which all hinder the advancement of democracy at the grass root.This thesis makes an investigation of general election for village committee in Hebeiprovince, briefly introducing the democratic election development process here firstly. Byinvestigating legal basis, operational program and election results of the general election forvillage committee in Hebei, some achievements can be concluded. However, someinstitutional problems still exist in the process leading to the disorder in practical election.Through investigation analysis some factors affecting the election for village committee canbe found: ideology, legal system, economic environment and political environment. Thesefour factors are mutually effected and eventually give impact on villagers’ voting and value tendency.Based on the individual investigation and empirical analysis of Hebei election process,this thesis primarily analyzes the current situation, problems and causes of democraticelection system at grass root thence strengthen the theoretical study on democratic election.On this basis, some policy suggestions are put forward to promote the development of ruraldemocratic election, that is, in order to improve the system of democratic election in ruralareas, it is firstly urgent to enhance villagers’ ideology and morality, increase farmers’scientific knowledge, strengthen their legal sense and expand their political participation.Secondly, consolidate primary party organization, easing the relation between carders andvillagers. Thirdly, improve the relevant laws, regulations and procedures related to ruralgrass-rooted election as the construction finally work through specific rules. The define forvarious illegal acts, its handling process and some substantive rules must be elaborated in thelaw and a sound relief system at village committee level must be established to guarantee theright to vote. Fourthly, given that the development of rural economy and farmers’ income arethe prerequisite of carrying out the democratic election, only ensuring the farmers’ interestcan the need for the political participation can be realized. In a word, consolidate economicfoundation and increase farmers’ incomes are the basis for developing the proper electionsystem according to its economy. Finally, make a clear demarcation on duty and authority ofdifferent levels, coordinating the conflicts and problems existing between two committeesand strive to advance the democracy in rural areas and build the harmonious society. |
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