Comparative Research On Talent Cultivating Models And Influential Factors In Universities

There are two typical talent cultivating models in higher education:one is general education model represented by America, and the other one is specialized education model represented by Soviet Union. Talent cultivating model contributes to the quality of talents acquired in all fields such as economy, culture, as well as science and technology of a nation. Besides, reasonable and appropriate talent cultivating model can be powerful guidance for a nation’s training of its high quality talents. Talent cultivating model in the world varies according to different national conditions and actual demands. America is the base of general education and its talent cultivating model for undergraduates is general education model. The UK also gives priority to general education model in choosing talent cultivating model for its undergraduates, but its major setting and curriculum arrangement is more characteristic of specialized education than that of America. The undergraduate education in Germany and France attaches more importance to the actual demands of society, with their undergraduate education models having distinctive features of specialized education. Talent cultivating model for undergraduate in China is now in the stage of exploration, mainly according to the effective combination of general education and specialized education. Talent cultivating models in China, America and European countries mainly vary in the five aspects:training objective, major setting,curriculum arrangement, and training method.The main factors influencing the formation of different talent cultivating models for undergraduates include:different education models at senior high school, such as different educational systems, curriculum arrangements and teaching schedule; different graduate flows of undergraduates, mainly referring to the different proportions between those choosing to find a job and those choosing further studies; different cultivating systems for social pre-job training, that is, different pre-job training for undergraduates in different countries, including different training contents, training methods, training durations and assessment methods.The different talent cultivating models in China, America, and European countries and the main factors influencing their formation indicate that talent cultivating model varies widely from country to country, and even there can be different talent cultivating models in one country. Therefore, in the course of exploring and constructing China’s talent cultivating model, we should not absorb blindly or copy word for word, nor follow the same pattern or stick to rigid uniformity. It is worthy of probing into a diversified talent cultivating model for undergraduates with Chinese characteristics which meets the situation in China nicely.