Research On Group Key Management Scheme For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is a data-centric wireless network whose purpose is to obtaininformation. Wireless sensor networks are often deployed in distant environment of terribleconditions. Due to the particularity of the network, multicast is a more effective communicationmethod than unicast in wireless sensor networks. Multicast can save bandwidth and energy to agreat extent. In general, since transmission occurrs in multiple network channels, multicast is morevulnerable to be attacked than unicast. Therefore, how to guarantee the security of multicast inwireless sensor network has become an important problem. At present, most of the wireless sensornetworks encrypt multicast information by using group key, so as to ensure the security of multicastinformation. Thus it can be seen that the security of group key management is an importantguarantee for the security of multicast. Based on the analysis of wireless sensor network and currentgroup key management schemes, three new schemes are proposed to improve the performance ofthe previous schemes in overhead and security.Firstly, based on the local collaboration method, this dissertation proposes a clustercollaboration-based group key management scheme. The proposed scheme updates the group keythrough cluster collaboration using identity-based encryption and generates an updated polynomialusing pseudo-random number generator and hash function, so as to update the key polynomialcomponent of the legitimate nodes without delay. The scheme not only achieves good securityperformance, but also effectively reduces the storage and communication overheads.Secondly, node may lose connection with group manager due to the complexity of deploymentareas. Therefore, the group key of the node can not be updated. In order to solve the problem, aChinese Remainder Theorem based self-healing group key management scheme is proposed. Theproposed scheme uses the Chinese Remainder Theorem to generate self-healing keys, and ensuresself-healing property and integrity by broadcasting the self-healing keys and message authenticationcodes.Thirdly, although Chinese Remainder Theorem based self-healing group key managementscheme ensures the self-healing property and also remains storage and communication overheadssmall, it ignores the problem of single point failure. To address the problem, this dissertationproposes a self-healing group key management scheme using identity-based encryption. In theproposed scheme, group manager and group member nodes adopts the identity-based encryption topre-generate sharing information. Group manager uses the sharing information and encrypted information to construct broadcast information, and uses broadcast information to update group key.Analysis shows that the proposed scheme gains self-healing property and supports revocation ofgroup manager. When group manager has been revoked, group member nodes can launch electionto generate a new group manager. The new group manager can start secure group rekeying.