The Design Of CNC System For Automatic Gemstone Grinder

The increase in purchasing power contributes to the proliferation of crystal ware in daily lifeand greater demand for crystal. Meanwhile, more scientific technologies have been applied incrystal grinding, which leads to all sorts of crystal grinding machines. However, most daily-usedcrystal grinding machines fail to replace crystal materials automatically, which largely affects thegrinding efficiency, working speed and even increases labor cost. Therefore, it is necessary todevelop and design an unmanned monitoring crystal grinding machine.This paper introduces the basic knowledge of crystal grinding technology and elaborates thecontext, research status as well as development trend of crystal grinding. It analyzes the advantagesof servo motor and its functions as electro motor. Also, the paper relates to the mathematic modeland vector control of servo motor. The design philosophy and process of CNC system areintroduced. This system consists of sticky ball machine, manipulator and grinding machine. Stickyball machine use PLC to control the crystal material and its discharging. Manipulator and grindingmachine use STM32F103ZET6as main control chip for the servo motor. Manipulator is responsiblefor transporting aluminum between the sticky ball machine and grinding machine. The grindingmachine is responsible for coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing of crystal. These threepanels are connected by CAN bus so as to achieve collaborative operation automatically.On the basis of STM32F103ZET6as control chip is built the peripheral hardware module. Thepower supply circuit module provides the power voltage of each power supply module in thesystem; Keyboard and LCD display circuit provides the system with a good human-computerinteraction function; Data storage block (EEPROM) stores the processing parameters in the displaySettings, avoiding the repeated input; CAN bus circuit is the communicative basis of sticky ballmachine, manipulator and grinding machine; Motor output module provides control servo motorwith the input signal. The software program of the corresponding module is written according to thedesign of each hardware module, which enables the module in the system to realize thecorresponding function.In response to the disadvantage of traditional crystal grinding requiring artificial loading andunloading, this paper has put forward some improvement approach. The sticky ball machine in thesystem can achieve loading and unloading automatically by controlling the motor and valve, whichsaves a lot of time and improves grinding efficiency. At the same time, the adoption of closed–loopcontrol system with servo motor, which avoids the disadvantages of stepper motor as stepping out,low accuracy, weakness and no feedback, achieves precision and high-efficiency. According to theproperties of the motor system, the system adopts S shape curve acceleration and deceleration to control start and stop of motor so that the motor will not jitter in the operation and the system can bemore stable and reliable.After the final debugging, this system is cost-effective, quieter and easy to operate. Besides, therevolution is fast and it can load the crystal materials and discharge the finished grinding productsautomatically. Ultimately, this system takes product upgrading and updating into full consideration,which enables it to be widely popularized in the industry of crystal processing and possesses greatmarket value.