Analysis On The Characteristics Of Climate Change In Hanjiang River Basin From 1960 To 2012

Based on the data of temperature,precipitation,relative humidity, sunshine duration, wind speed from18meteorological stations in the Hanjiang River from1960to2012,linear analysis,M-K mutation test,wavelets analysis of Matlab,spatial analysis of Arcgis and correlation analysis of Spass were applied to analyze the characteristics of climate change,and it is that showed a warming and drying trend.Results showed that:1.Annual mean temperature, mean maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation intensity increased extreme significantly;Precipitation days, sunshine duration, wind speed decreased extreme significantly.Extreme minimum temperature, extreme precipitation and days and intensity,maximum day precipitation did not increased obviously;Extreme maximum temperature, precipitation, relative humidity did not decreased obviously. The warming of spring had the largest contribution to mean temperature and maximum temperature; The warming of winter had the largest contribution to mean minimum temperature;The cooling of summer had the largest contribution to extreme maximum temperature;The warming of summer had the largest contribution to extreme minimum temperature;The decreased of antumn had the largest contribution to precipitation;The increased of summer had the largest contribution to maximum day precipitation;The decreased of summer,spring,winter had the largest contribution to sunshine duration, relative humidity and mean wind speed.2.Annual mean temperature,mean maximum and minimum temperature mutation occurred in1994;Extreme maximum temperature mutation occurred in1970; Precipitation days mutation occurred in1986;Precipitation intensity mutation occurred; Sunshine duration mutation occurred in1979. Extreme minimum temperature, extreme precipitation and days and intensity, precipitation,maximum day precipitation, relative humidity mutation had not significant.In season,mean temperature mutation occurred in1997,1962,1990～1994,1991;Mean maximum temperatureof spring, summer, antumn mutation occurred in1997,1963,1986;Mean minimum temperature mutation occurred in1997,2003,1998～2000,1988; Extreme maximum and minimum temperature of summer mutation occurred in1970,1993. Precipitation of antumn mutation occurred;Sunshine duration of summer mutation occurred in1981,winter mutation occurred; Relative humidity of spring mutation occurred in1999,summer mutation occurred; Wind speed of summer,winter mutation occurred in1982,1983.3.The first main period of annual mean temperature, mean maximum and minimum temperature,extreme maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation and days and intensity,extreme precipitation intensity,maximum day precipitation,sunshine duration,relative humidity,mean wind speed was28a;But,the first main period of annual extreme precipitation and days was22a. In season,the first main period of mean temperature,mean maximum and minimum temperature, extreme maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, maximum day precipitation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, mean wind speed was28a.4.Annual mean temperature,maximum and minimum temperature displayed a diminishing scale from southeast to northwest; theirs differences decreased in the upper reaches;The change of mean and maximum temperature stabilized, mean minimum temperature increased significantly in the middle,lower reaches.Extreme maximum temperature display that the lower was in the east and west,the higher in the middle; extreme minimum temperature displayed a diminishing scale from northwest to southeast;its differences decreased.Precipitation.extreme precipitation displayed a diminishing scale from south to north,theirs differences decreased in the upper.middle reaches, their increased significantly in the lower reaches. Precipitation days,extreme days displayed a diminishing scale from southwest to northeast.theirs differences decreased.Precipitation intensity,extreme intensity displayed a diminishing scale from southeast to northwest, precipitation intensity increased significantly in the lower reaches,its differences decreased in the middle reaches,its decreased significantly in the upper reaches; extreme precipitation intensity differences decreased.Maximum day precipitation,relative humidity displayed a diminishing scale from south to north, theirs differences decreased.Sunshine duration displayed a diminishing scale from northeast to sorthweat, its differences increased in the upper reaches, its differences decreased in the middle,lower reaches. Wind speed displayed a diminishing scale from southeast to northwest,its differences decreased.In season,mean temperature, maximum, minimum temperature,extreme maximum temperature of winter,extreme minimum temperature of spring,summer, antumn displayed a diminishing scale from southeast to northwest; extreme maximum temperature of spring,summer,antumn display that the lower is in the east and west,the higher in the middle:extreme minimum temperature of winter displayed a diminishing scale from northwest to southeast.Precipitation of spring,winter displayed a diminishing scale from southeast to northwest,summer display the lower is in the east and west,the higher in the middle,antumn displayed a diminishing scale from northwest to southeast. Maximum day precipitation, wind speed displayed a diminishing scale from southeast to northwest. Sunshine duration of spring,winter displayed a diminishing scale from northeast to southwest,summer,antumn displayed a diminishing scale from east to west.Relative humidity displayed a diminishing scale from south to north.5.In numerical relationships,there are highly significant positive correlations between mean wind speed and sunshine duration,precipitation and relative humidity; There are highly significant negative correlations between mean temperature and relative humidity.wind speed,Precipitation,relative humidity and sunshine duration. There are significant negative correlations between temperature and precipitation.There are not significant positive correlations between mean temperature and sunshine duration. There are not significant negative correlations between precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed.In season,mean temperature and precipitation of spring, summer.antumn had highly significant negative correlations; winter had not significant negative correlations.Mean temperature and relative humidity of spring,summer had highly significant negative correlations;antumn,winter had not significant negative correlations.Mean temperature and wind speed of spring, antumn, winter had highly significant negative correlations; summer had significant positive correlations.Mean temperature and sunshine duration of spring,summer had highly significant positive correlations; antumn, winter had not significant positive correlations.Precipitation and relative humidity, sunshine duration had highly significant positive,negative correlations. Precipitation and wind speed of summer had highly significant negative correlations; spring,antumn had not significant positive correlations;winter had not significant negative correlations. Relative humidity,wind speed of summer had highly significant negative relations; spring,antumn had not significant positive correlations;winter had not significant negative correlations.Relative humidity,sunshine duration had highly significant negative correlations. Sunshine duration,wind speed of summer,winter had significant positive cirrelations;spring,antumn had not significant positive correlations.