Study On Compensation Method Of Attenuation Compensation For Seismic Data

This paper aims at studying on methods of how to compensate attenuation by wave equation.This technology is the main means in exploration and development of oil and gas.Nowadays The technologies ask for the data with higher resolution and higher fidelity. The key to decide the seismic resolution in exploration is the effective frequency band width of the obtained data. However, in the process of transmission, the energy attenuate because of the absorption, which result to narrow the effective frequency band width of the signal. Therefore, To compensate the diffusion and attenuation is important to the seismic resolution. On the basis of the predecessors, the author has done the following studies, firstly, this paper summarizes the viscoelasticity wave theory; secondly, this paper uses finite difference method to simulate acoustic wave equation, Viscous acoustic wave equation, and analyses the characteristics of the wave field.; thirdly, this paper summarized the computing methods of quality factor; fourthly, this paper realize the phase shift compensation method and the split-step fourier compensation method; fifthly, this paper uses the split-step compensation method while processing the field data. As we all know, stability and effectiveness are the basic problems in compensation. As to effectiveness, this paper uses fast fourier transform. As to stability, this paper uses weighting method. The simulated result of viscosity wave equation indicate that the viscosity medium can attenuate the seismic wave. In theory, the methods above indicate that they could compensate the attenuation effectively and steadily. This paper processes the field data by using the split-step compensation method. And then we get the migration section and inversion section. The result indicate that the method is effective and steady. All in all, This paper proves the effectiveness and practicability of the methods theoretically and practically.