| In recent years, LUCC (Land Use and Land Cover Change) has been the main driver and one of the key fields of the study of global environmental change, and has attracted more and more attention of the experts and scholars. In our country, with the accelerating of urbanization, industrialization process and the continuing growth of population, the great changes of land use and land cover type in urban areas have been caused, the human needs have been conflicting with resources and environment, and a series of ecological and environmental problems have been induced. Therefore, the studies of space-time evolution rule of urban land use and land cover type, and evaluation and calculation the function and value of ecosystem services caused by the LUCC, can help people to deepen the understanding of the relationship between the land, population, environment and development.This article takes the city of Fuqing which belongs to the Fujian Province as the research object. The land use and land cover type database of Fuqing city was established through interpretating and analysising the two periods of TM remote sensing images in 2006 and 2012. Comprehensive analyses on LUCC of Fuqing city were conducted from its quantity, structure, dynamic degree and transfer matrix, etc. in order to get the landuse pattern change rule of the study area during 2006-2012; And the natural and human factors of LUCC in Fuqing city were thoroughly discussed from the terrain slope, the rivers, roads and administrative centers to provide the dynamic bases for construcing the CA-Markov Model. Based on the above research results and the theories of XIE Gao-di and other scholar’s related research, combined with the predicted results of CA-Markov Model, the ecosystem services value of Fuqing city from 2006 to 2012 was analyzed quantitatively, and with the help of In VEST Model, the spatial and temporal variations of ecosystem services function were evaluated. The research results show that:(1) The main matrix types of Fuqing city are forest land, water and cultivated land, and they account for 80% of the total area. During the study period, the cultivated land, forest land, garden land, water and unused land were in a decreasing trend, on the contrary, the traffic land and construction land in Fuqing were in an increasing trend. Analysis results of LUCC dynamic degree in study area show that:The traffic land and construction land of Fuqing city increased rapidly during 2006-2012, and the single land use dynamic degrees were 8.10%,1.08% respectively. From the analyses of the transfer matrix of the study area, we can know that, from 2006 to 2012, a large increased of traffic land and construction land were mainly converted from cultivated land and water which located in the good geological conditions and soil fertile areas.(2) The analysis results of LUCC driving factors in Fuqing city showed that:the cultivated land, traffic land and construction land were concentrated in the low hill and gentle slope zones whose slope are between 0 to 15 degrees, the water was mainly distributed in the coastal plains whose slope are less than or equal to 2 degrees, the garden land was suitable for distributing in the regions whose slope are lager than 2 degrees, the forest land and unused land were primarily distributed in hilly and lower mountainous areas whose slope are bigger than 6 degrees. And as time went by, the attraction of rivers to construction land and traffic land kept enhancing, the attraction of rivers to cultivated land and unused land kept diminishing, while the exclusion of rivers to forest land, garden land and water kept increasing in Fuqing; the attraction of roads to construction land and traffic land kept enhancing, the attraction of roads to cultivated land kept diminishing, while the exclusion of roads to forest land, garden land, water and unused land kept increasing in Fuqing; the attraction of administrative centres to construction land and traffic land kept enhancing, the attraction of administrative centres to cultivated land and garden land kept diminishing, while the exclusion of administrative centres to forest land, water and unused land kept increasing in Fuqing.(3) The results predicted by CA-Markov Model indicated that the change trend of each land use type in Fuqing city from 2012 to 2018 was consistent with its trend in 2006 to 2012. That is, the cultivated land, forest land, garden land, water and unused land still maintained a declining trend, while the traffic land and construction land are maintained a high growth trend, especially the traffic land is growing rapidly. The areas of LUCC mainly concentrated in the middle east of Fuqing city, and the main directions of land use types transfer are the conversions from cultivated land, water to traffic land and construction land.(4) The results of the quantitative analysis of Ecosystem Services Value in Fuqing city showed that the water and forest land contributed most to the total ecological services value. Influenced by LUCC, the total value of ecosystem services of Fuqing city in 2006-2012 and 2012-2018 were down 0.8525 and 2.1517 million yuan respectively. In addition, during the study period the gradation of ecosystem service value of single item of Fuqing city was as followings:water conservation was the maximum, and then were waste disposal, biodiversity conservation, soil formation and protection, recreation and culture, gas regulation, climate regulation, raw materials, food production was the minimum; and the value of each ecological service items was in a declining trend in Fuqing city, among them, the drop in ecosystem service value of the water conservation was the largest, and the next was the waste dispoal, down by 1.1635 and 1.0604 million yuan respectively in 2006-2018. The above research results indicate that the ecosystem service functions of Fuqing city are in the continuous degradation and it is therefore suggests that the pattern of land use/cover type in the study area needs to be optimized from the macroscopic perspective.(5) The ecosystem services function of Fuqing city in 2006,2012 and 2018 were evaluated by using the InVEST-Biodiversity Model, and the results indicated that:①The overall level of habitat degradation was high and also continuing to exacerbate the trend in Fuqing city; The serious regions of habitat degradation were mainly distributed in the central and east-central of Fuqing city. ②The scores of habitat quality in Fuqing city were reduced and polarized, and nearly half of the areas in Fuqing city had the higher ecological fragility and habitat fragmentation and were extremely sensitive to the human disturbance. ③The scores of habitat scarcity in Fuqing city were low, in 2012 and 2018, the highest score of 0.0225 and 0.0808 respectively, which demonstrates that the structure and function of ecosystem in Fuqing city are steady, that is to say, the stability of ecosystem balance of the study area is good. |
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