Toxicity Evaluation Of Oil Gelling Agents And Chemical Dispersants

The oil industry plays an irreplaceable role with the continuous development of industry, but the problems of oil pollution are more and more serious. The oil spill can make the ecological environment and marine lifes suffered damage, and it will cause damage to biosecurity of the land. In recent years, lots of means are applied to marine oil spill processing; including physical, chemical and. Physical methods are too complicated, and not complete enough. By biological methods is an effective way to deal with oil spill, but the oil spill emergency response work need a short cycle, and recove oil. Therefore, oil gelling agent and chemical dispersant are widely used as convenient degreasers, but whether the oil gelling agent and chemical dispersant would cause pollution of the marine environment? It is rarely reported on the effect on the survival of marine microorganisms, fish, shellfish and alga. Therefore, it is of great importance to evaluate the toxicity of oil gelling agent and chemical dispersant.In this paper, in order to evaluate the environmental safety of oil gelling agent and chemical dispersant. The acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 10 kinds of oil gelling agent and 6 kinds of chemical dispersant were evaluated with luminescent bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. Tox2 and Acinetobacter sp. RecA) and medaka juvenile as testing creatures.The results showed that in the oil gelling agent toxicity evaluation, FOA and GMN-01 had a certain level of acute toxicity using 1 with the toxicity equivalency 0.067mg/L and 0.084 mg/L of HgCl2 respectively. NORSOREX have a certain level of genotoxicity with toxicity equivalency 0.307 mg/L of MMC; however, the above samples were not detected to have significant acute toxicity or genotoxicity in the fish exposure experiment. The present Study showde that the 10 kinds of oil gelling agent had no significant acute toxicity or genotoxicity on the higher organisms (fish) within 96 h, while uminescent bacteria assay had higher sensitivity in the oil gelling agent toxicity detection.In the toxicity evaluation of chemical dispersant, RS-I (conventional type) dispersants detected by luminescent bacteria assay with the higher concentration in the sample (1.0 g/L-5.0 g/L) had a high acute toxicity, which of the toxicity equivalency of HgCl2 was 0.05 mg/L and 0.16 mg/L respectively; HLD-501 dispersants detected by luminescent bacteria assay with the higher concentration in the sample (0.5 g/L-1.0 g/L) had a high genotoxicity, which of the toxicity equivalency of MMC was 0.39 mg/ L and 0.32 mg/L respectively. In the fish exposure tests to RS-I (conventional type) has significantly acute toxicity (lethality), and HLD-501 significantly genotoxicity (DNA damage). The study could supply the reference which safety indicators that oil gelling agent and chemical dispersant processed in oil pollution.