Study On Chemical Constituents And Health Protection Mechanism Of Sea Cucumber

Sea cucumber, a kind of marine animal that belongs to Class Holothuroidea, have long been utilized in the food and folk medicine systems of Asian and Middle East communities. Thus far, approximately 300 diverse compounds, such as saponins, cerberosides, polysaccharides and peptides, have been isolated from sea cucumber; these compounds elicit anti-angiogenic, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and antitumor effects. In this study, a system pharmacology method was proposed to evaluate the mechanism of sea cucumber health care, and explore its action mechanism. Mordern chromatography separation technology was applied to separate and purificate compounds from salt stock Liaoning stichopus japonicus and Liaoning stichopus japonicus secondary boiled liquid, and the structures of these compounds were elucidated according to their physical and chemical properties and spectral data. The methods and results of this study provide a scientific basis for further study on the activity of natural ingredients of sea cucumber, and the development of new drug or health food with specific functions. Main content and research results include the following sections:1. This reseach provides a new method on theoretical study of chemical components, physiological characteristics and nutritional health care mechanism of sea cucumber.This study used system pharmacology method, integrated OB(oral bioavailability) prediction, DL(Drug-likeness) calculation, and target prediction, A total of 106 potential active compounds that include 100 holostane-type saponins and 6 gangliosides were identified from 293 known compounds of sea cucumber, along with 26 potential targets, acted on the 12 potential health problem;Based on network(Compound-Target and Target-Disease) analysis and integrated pathways establishing, our results clarified the pharmacological mechanism of sea cucumber on treating 12 different health problems, such as neoplasm, nervous system diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.2. Isolates and identified monomeric compounds from salt stock Liaoning stichopus japonicus and Liaoning stichopus japonicus secondary boiled liquid, and verified their antitumor activity by MTT method.This study applied a variety of chromatographic separation technology such as positive and reverse phase silica gel, isolated 5 compounds from salt stock Liaoning stichopus japonicus and Liaoning stichopus japonicus secondary boiled liquid, and identified the structures of them by modern spectrum technology, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, mass spectrum, et al., respectively is: compound 1, new compound, named as: LSJ- 4, compound 2: HLC- 1, compound 3: HPC- 2, compound 4: HPC- 2, compound 5: Holotoxin A1. Using MTT method tested the inhibition of every compound under different concentration for Hela and Hep3 b. The results show that, all 5 compounds shows various kind of inhibition, the IC50 value of compound 5 for Hela and Hep3 b is 32.15 μmol/L and 13.16 μmol/L respectively, under low concentration showed significant Dose-effect relationship. The IC50 value of compound 1 for Hela and Hep3 b is 93.32 μmol/L and 118.97 μmol/L respectively, which showed significant Dose-dependent on Hela; The IC50 value of compound 2 is 104.26 μmol/L which does not show much effect on Hep3 b, while on high concentration showed strong cell toxic. Compound 3 and 4 do not show obvious inhibition effect on both cancer cells.This study applied systems pharmacology method, explored the nutritional value and health care mechanism of sea cucumber, and provided theoretical basis for the further research, separated and identified several different types of small molecule compounds through the modern chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, examining their antitumor activity by MTT method. Ultimately, the results provided reliable theoretical basis and research foundation for further research of sea cucumber nutrition health care value and the development of functional health food.