The PM₁₀ Concentration Characteristics And Its Relationship With Meteorological Conditions In Xinjiang During 2004²013

Particulate matter(PM₁₀) is atmosphere particulates less than or equal to 10 μm of diameter for aerodynamics, it is one of the important factors that affect air quality in Xinjiang, which is located in arid northwest China. It has impact on atmospheric visibility, human health（respiratory system, cardiopulmonary function） and so on. There are important practical significance to research temporal and spatial variation characteristics and its relationship with meteorological elements of PM₁₀, discover and reveal its discipline and cause. By using the PM₁₀ data which is converted by API data came from environmental departments, and visibility, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed data from meteorological departments, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of 16 PM monitoring stations in Xinjiang during 2004²013 is analyzed（Akesu, Aletai, Atushi, Bole, Fukang, Hami, Hetian, Kashi, Kuerle, Kuitun, Shihezi, Tacheng, Tulufan, Wusu, Wujiaqu, Yining）, and the relationship of PM₁₀ concentration and major meteorological factors of 10 PM monitoring stations which have complete meteorological data is researched too. All of these are to realize air quality in Xinjiang which is located in northwest region, and to provide some scientific references for effective control of PM₁₀ pollution. The results show that:（1）There were obvious regional differences of annual mean PM₁₀ concentration distribution in Xinjiang during 2004²013, the value of north of the Tianshan mountains was generally lower than the value of south, and the annual mean PM₁₀ concentration of 13 monitoring stations had exceed national quality secondary standards 70 μg·m-3. Seasonal distribution showed, the value was maximum in spring, and in winter, autumn came second, minimum in summer.（2）The PM₁₀ interannual variation of most stations was stable, the fluctuation was small. The PM₁₀ concentration variation curves of other stations were “U” and “W”. As for monthly variation, the fluctuation was big, there were two variation trends: “U” represented the value was maximum in winter and minimum in summer, “M” stood for the value was higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn.（3）Whether in all weather, or in clear sky, the PM₁₀ concentration of north of the Tianshan mountains was lower than the south. But if excluded the influence of weather process especially precipitation, the PM₁₀ concentration of all stations in clear sky was higher than in all weather.（4）The curves of PM₁₀ interannual variation in clear sky and all weather were coincide approximately, only the value in clear sky was slightly higher than in all weather as a whole.（5）The visibility in all weather and clear sky, dry visibility in clear sky of north of the Tianshan mountains was all higher than south in Xinjiang during 2004²013, the corresponding dry extinction coefficient in clear sky of north was lower than south. The visibility in clear sky of north stations was slightly higher than south, but the value in clear sky of southern stations which have more dust pollution was lower than in all weather, cause the PM₁₀ pollution.（6）The correlation coefficient of PM₁₀ concentration and every meteorological factors was not large, it was all weak correlation. The coefficient of PM₁₀ and temperature as well wind speed was weak positive correlation, as to air pressure, temperature, precipitation, the coefficient was weak negative correlation, the correlation of PM₁₀ and air pressure was obvious relatively.