The Ecological Environment Vulnerability Research In Wuzhishan City Of Hainan Province

One of the hot issues of the regional environmental change and sustainable development research is ecological environment vulnerability. The ecological environment vulnerability research has received widespread attention around the world. Wuzhishan city is located in the South Central of Hainan island, as the core of ecological environment protection in Hainan province. Under the development trend of the international tourism island, the developing of tourism in Wuzhishan city is under construction. With the rapid growth of GDP, the protection of the ecological environment has been ignored, many kinds of the deforestation appeared frequently. In Wuzhishan city,the human’s activities lever were intensive and the sphere of activities have been expanding,all of this make the ecological environment suffered from an unprecedented pressure. So the research on ecological environment vulnerability assessment in Wuzhishan city was an extremely significant guiding significance and reference value for the ecological environment protection and development.It is also conducive to the timely change of ecological environment in Wuzhishan city.This paper based on the comprehensive evaluation model of forest landscape pattern and ecological sensitivity, in which used to build the ecological environment vulnerability evaluation system in Wuzhishan city of Hainan province. Using the spatial principal component analysis and principal component analysis to research the comprehensive evaluation of ecological environment vulnerability in the study area. Via analysis showed the main influencing factors of ecological environment vulnerability, use spatial interpolation to came at the spatial variation. It is to generalize from the above results and Radial Basis Function that to predict the development trend of ecological environment vulnerability in the study area. The conclusions as follows.(1) This study is based on the comprehensive evaluation model of forest landscape pattern and ecological sensitivity, combined with the actual situation of Wuzhishan city, select three ecological sensitivity factors and six forest landscape pattern factors to build the comprehensive evaluation system for ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan city.(2) Three ecological sensitivity factors are altitude, slope and land-use type, using principal component analysis method to calculate the ecological sensitivity index. Impact factor weights from big to small was slope> land-use types> altitude. Ecological sensitivity in the study area from big to small, which according to the year is 2011> 2003> 1998> 2007, and which according to the degree of ecological sensitivity area is mild> moderate> severe sort> extreme> micro degrees.(3) Six forest landscape pattern factors are DIVISION, FRAC, PD, AI, CONNECT, COHESION. Combined with the ecological sensitivity index, using the principal component analysis method to calculate the ecological environment vulnerability index. Impact factor weights from big to small was COHESION and AI> DIVISION, ecological sensitivity index and CONNECT> PD and FRAC. Ecological environment vulnerability index in the study area from big to small, which according to the year is 2011> 1998> 2007> 2003, which according to the forest landscape type is bamboo forest> shrub forest> coniferous forest> non-forest> broad-leaved forest.(4) According to the spatial interpolation analysis, it is concluded that ecological environment vulnerability spatial variation in Wuzhishan city. In general, high ecological environment vulnerability areas are concentrated in the southeast in Wuzhishan city, low ecological environment vulnerability areas are concentrated in the northwest in Wuzhishan city.(5) Using quadratic polynomial regression analysis to establish single index prediction model. According to the expanded sampling data of single index prediction model, and using Radial Basis Function to Prediction the ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan city. Through the consequence, the trend of ecological environment vulnerability is from the moderate which is 0.2972 in 1988 reduce to the micro degrees which is 0.2617 in 2003, then increase to the extreme which is 0.3978 in 2014, finally hold at the extreme which is 0.3983 in 2020.(6) In view of the ecological environment vulnerability results in Wuzhishan city, put forward to four Pieces of ecological environment protection and the development countermeasures. First, strengthen ecological environmental protection consciousness. Second, scientific planning of modern urbanization construction and building ecological tourism city. Third, rational development, utilization and protection of natural resources. Fourth, strengthen the management of ecological environment protection, control the pollution of ecological environment.