Study On Extraction Of Collagen From Fish Scales And Its Collagen Composite Formula

Collagen, whice is one of the major extracellular matrix components of the human body, is a large family of human proteins. In the process of embryonic development, tissue repair, and reconstruction of injury, growth and differentiation factors have an important role in the regulation of the collagen gene expression. Because the collagen possesses special biological properties, rich nutritional value and many other excellent properties, it has been widely used in the medical, beauty, and food industry, etc.This paper introduces in detail the significance of the collagen extraction in scale and the research background. Through the application of the scale decalcification technology and analysis of enzyme extraction of collagen and the related factors in theory, the main content and the research problems to be solved was proposed. The relationship between the choice of decalcifying solution and decalcification rate was illustrated, combined with the generated determining decalcifying fluid, then the single factor experiment was designed to determine the effects of different factors in changes of the extraction of fish scale collagen extraction rate. and the use of A set of orthogonal experiment data was used to illustrate the degree of influence of different influence factors.The experimental results show that in the extraction of collagen decalcifying process is necessary in the process of pretreatment, five percent of acetic acid as decalcifying fluid not only can protect collagen activity from affecting by the decalcifying solution such as strong acid, but also saves a lot of cost in the purification process due to the segregative property of acetic acid. There are many collagen extraction methods from fish scale. The most widely used method was enzyme extraction in the industrial production. This extraction method can protect the structure of collagen and the operation conditions is simple. In the enzyme extraction of collagen extraction process, extraction time, extraction temperature, pH value, adding amount of enzyme and the ratio of material to liquid can affect the extraction efficiency, along with the increase of the amount of enzyme, extraction time and ratio of material to liquid, the extraction rate will gradually increase, these three factors make the reaction degree increases, the influence of extraction temperature and pH value of environmental factors on extraction efficiency is a normal distribution curve, this is because the biological activity of alkaline protease can reach the peak in the specific temperature and pH value extraction. Through the study showed that extraction temperature 550 c, extracting time 12 hours, pH value of 7.55, with enzyme quantity 0.8 mg, and solid-liquid ratio of 1/150 g/mL is the best condition of extracting collagen. Finally, collagen in fish scales has a great value-in-use in composite fiber, biological composite materials and nutrition food.