Research On Game Model And Strategy Of Carbon Emissions Based On Supply Chain

Global warming has become an important topic of discussion in the world and it attracts much attention of the world. After the industrial revolution, people’s burning fossil fuels is one of the important reasons of causing global warming. In the UN climate conference, which held in Kyoto in 1997, the represents from 84 countries, signed an important milepost file that is widely called "Kyoto Protocol" to solve the climate problem. China, as one of the "Kyoto Protocol" signatory, is also the largest emitters of the greenhouse gases in the world, and puts forward its targets about the carbon emission reduction. Namely, based on the level in 2005, the carbon dioxide emissions in per unit of GDP in 2020 will be decreased by 40%-45%..Moreover, China has born the task of reducing emission since 2012, but under the condition of global competition, it will encounter great emission reduction pressure.Nowadays, in the world, supply chain has not only become the main form of competition in the global market, it is also an important carrier of the global "carbon" flux. Low carbon supply chain will become the trend of future development. Therefore, through the implementation of the supply chain carbon trading,we will be able to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the enterprises to carry out carbon emission reduction and further to reduce the amount of the carbon emissions of the supply chain,as well as it will promote the global carbon emissions reduction.Through the method of mathematical modeling, comparative analysis, empirical analysis, this paper studied the optimal reduction strategy of the supply chain enterprises under two kinds of system such as independent reduction and mandatory emission reduction. First, it analyzed the current carbon trading at home and abroad, found that the consumption preferences of the consumers will be an important factor to influence enterprises’ production policy in the future; Secondly, according to the characteristics of recent China, it discussed respectively, under independent reduction and mandatory emission reduction, the emission reduction strategies of enterprise. Meanwhile, through the game theory, it discussed the supply chain enterprises’ optimal reduction strategy in the non cooperation, part of cooperation and cooperation mode,finding the low carbon preference coefficient and carbon trading price have a direct impact on the overall profit of supply chain, as well as the enterprises emission reduction rate; Finally, during the example analysis, it studied the effect of low carbon preference coefficient on the overall profits and the carbon emission reduction rate of supply chain enterprises. Addition to this, it discussed especially about, under the mandatory emissions reduction mechanisms, the influence of carbon trading price on the effect of emission reduction. Moreover, the paper further analyzed and compared the enterprises’ optimal emission reduction tactics under the both policies by the demonstration. Through the analysis, this paper could come to the following conclusion:First, whether carrying out the emissions reduction strategies voluntarily or carrying out it forcibly, the supply chain enterprises will achieve the optimal supply chain profits and the optimal emission reduction rates when they cooperated with each other in the product price and the emissions reduction; in the fact, under the pressure of the government, the enterprises will get a better overall profit of the supply chain and the lower carbon emission reduction rate than under the independent emission reduction mode.Second, when the government makes the quota of carbon emissions, it should take the size of enterprises’ carbon emission reduction in per unit of product into consideration. Because under the same conditions, asking for the upstream enterprises to carry out their emission reduction strategies will achieved a better effect. However, the research suggested while the enterprises are running after reducing the amount of carbon emissions, the profits of enterprises will drop accordingly, so enterprises should weight against between the pursuit of carbon emission reduction and the maximum profit.Third, it is important for enterprise to strengthen the cooperation between each other, when it is necessary, it should sacrifice the short-term benefits for the long-term sustainable development. Only if make sure the whole supply chain achieving the optimal level we can meet the sustainable development requirements of the national low carbon.