The Applied Research Of Antimony Pollution Load Simulation By Improved SWAT Model In The Soil-water Interface Of Antimony Mine

With the rapid development of the society and technology, humans have an increasing demand of natural resources, especially the heavy metals. The pollutions caused by heavy metals have become a heated topic among the fields of environment, earth and chemistry. Researchers from all over the world pay special attention to the pollutions of soil, water and air caused by heavy metals and their harms to agricultural ecology. So far, our country is lacking in an efficient system to control the exploitation of antimony. Overusing antimony will cause the antimony content in those mine areas and the surroundings impermissibly high, threatening the health of human beings and the balance of ecosystems.This paper is mainly based on the research in Shanxing Antimony Mine in Lengshuijiang City. It introduces an approach to exploit by studying the environmental features of the antimony mine. The SWAT model combined with Arc GIS techniques can identify the space and attribute databases. It uses Fortran language to compile heavy metals’ transition model program to improve the SWAT model via establishing a simulation of the load of the heavy metal pollutions on the soil-water layer in the research area. In the last part of the paper, it simulates the pollution load of the heavy metals on the soil-water layer in the antimony mine by optimizing the model. Therefore, it provides theories for the research area to assess and prevent antimony pollution. The main results are as follows:1. The annual output of the sediment in the antimony mine between the year 2013 and 2014 is 2.9198 million t/a, mainly in September, 2013 and January and February, 2014, up to 1.5047 million t/a, which makes up 51.5% of the total annual output. The annual runoff in the antimony mine between the year 2013 and 2014 is 239.27m3/s. The monthly runoff in September and October, 2013 and February to April, 2014 is relatively large, which accounts for 59.3% of the total annual runoff.2. The total amount of the antimony pollution load in the research area in 2014 is 2118.84 kg. The pollutions mainly happen in January, February, July and August, the load of which is 1494.81 kg, making up 70.55% of the total pollution load.3. The antimony pollution is mainly distributed in the central part of the research area. Shanxing Antimony Smelter, the landfill and the mine itself are the most polluted areas(240-399.99kg). The main transportation routes, the ready-to-exploit mines and the residue places are also seriously polluted(70-239.99kg). The communities and farmland near the mines are less polluted(0-70kg).Nowadays, computer science is developing rapidly. The SWAT Model has drawn more and more attention to the researchers in controlling heavy metals pollutions. Some factors can be taken into consideration in the process of improving the SWAT model, such as the vertical spread and transverse spread of the heavy metals in soil-water layer flow, establishing two-dimension or three-dimension transition pattern. By doing these, the accuracy of the SWAT model can be greatly increased. Thus, it can provide more precise foundations to the simulation of the heavy metals pollution load in the mine areas.