| Objective:The effects of Oxidized Konjac Glucomannan (OKGM) and partially hydrolyzed OKGM on growth performance, muscle quality and immune function of Schizothorax Prenanti were studied. The purpose is to reduce the use of antibiotics and to improve the muscle quality and safety of Schizothorax Prenanti from the source.The biological activity of OKGM was also studied.Methods:630 healthy fish with anaverage weight of (84.79±2.94)g/tail were selected as experimental samples. The fish were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate. The control group (C) contained no OKGM; the treatment groups contained 0.8%(H-OKGM0.8),1.6%(H-OKGM1.6),3.2% (H-OKGM3.2) OKGM and 0.8%(L-OKGM0.8),1.6%(L-OKGM1.6),3.2% (L-OKGM3.2) partially hydrolyzede OKGM. By the end of the experiment after 60 days, determination of survival ratio, weight gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio; determination of fatty acid, hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, resilience of the muscle; determination of lysozyme activity, the content of complement C3 and IgM in serum; detection of the expression levels of complement C3 and type Ⅰ interferon (I-IFN) mRNA in head kidney, spleen, liver and gut by real-time quantitative PCR.Results:(1)In the growth performance, weight gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio of each group were improved compared with the control group (C). Only the L-OKGM0.8 treatment group was significantly affected the growth performance (P<0.05). Survival ratio of each group was not significantly different (P>0.05).(2)In the muscle quality, Saturated fatty acids (SFA), Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have no significantly different of each group (P>0.05). There has no significant effect of OKGM on the composition and content of fatty acids of the muscle. Compared with the control group (C), the hardness, gumminess and chewiness of muscle were significantly increased in the L-OKGM1.6 and L-OKGM3.2 treatment groups (P<0.05); the cohesiveness of muscle was significantly increased in the L-OKGM0.8 and H-OKGM0.8 treatment groups (P<0.05). There has no significant effect of OKGM on the adhesiveness, springiness, resilience of the muscle of Schizothorax Prenanti.(3)In immune index of serum, compared with the control group (C), the content of IgM in serum was significantly increased in the both there of the L-OKGM treatment groups (P<0.05); the content of complement C3 activity was significantly increased in the L-OKGM0.8, L-OKGM 1.6 and H-OKGM0.8 treatment groups (P<0.05). the content of lysozyme activity was significantly increased in the L-OKGM0.8 and L-OKGM 1.6 treatment groups (P<0.05).(4)In the expression of immune related genes, compared with the control group (C), the expression of complement C3 in head kidney was significantly up-regulated in the L-OKGM0.8 treatment group (P<0.05), the expression of complement C3 in liver and gut were significantly up-regulated in the L-OKGM3.2 treatment group (P<0.05), the expression of complement C3 in spleen was significantly reduced in the L-OKGM3.2 and H-OKGM3.2 treatment groups (P<0.05); the expression of I-IFN in head kidney and spleen were significantly incresed in the L-OKGM3.2 treatment group (P<0.05), the expression of I-IFN in liver was significantly incresed in the H-OKGM0.8 treatment group (P<0.05), the expression of I-IFN in gut of each group was not significantly different (P>0.05).Conclusion:(1)The growth performance was significantly improved by adding 0.8% partially hydrolyzede OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti.(2)The hardness, gumminess and chewiness of muscle were significantly increased by adding 1.6% and 3.2% partially hydrolyzede OKGM. The cohesiveness of muscle were significantly increased by adding 0.8% partially hydrolyzede OKGM and OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti. There has no significant effect of OKGM on fatty acid of the muscle of Schizothorax Prenanti. The muscle quality of Schizothorax Prenanti can to some extent be improved by adding two kinds of OKGM. But the effect is not obvious.(3)The content of complement C3 in serum was significantly increased by adding 0.8%,1.6% partially hydrolyzede OKGM and 0.8% OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti. The content of lysozyme activity in serum was significantly increased by adding 0.8% and 1.6% partially hydrolyzede OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti. The content of IgM in serum was significantly increased by adding 0.8%,1.6% and 3.2% partially hydrolyzede OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti. It suggests that partially hydrolyzede OKGM can significantly promote the immune function of Schizothorax Prenanti.(4)The expression of complement C3 in head kidney, liver and gut were significantly increased by adding 0.8%,1.6% and 3.2% partially hydrolyzede OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti; the addition of 3.2% partially hydrolyzede OKGM can significantly up-regulate the expression of I-IFN in head kidney and spleen, the expression of I-IFN in liver was significantly increased by adding 0.8% partially hydrolyzede OKGM into the diets of Schizothorax Prenanti.(5)In summary,0.8%,1.6% and 3.2% partially hydrolyzede OKGM can improve growth performance, muscle quality and immune function of Schizothorax Prenanti better than OKGM. |
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