The Environmental Safety Index Detection And Disposal Countermeasure Of Some Large Hospital Sludge In Shenyang

Hospital sludge means the sewage that produced in the process of hospital wastewater treatment by hospital sewage treatment systems system. Depending on the process name, the hospital sludge can be divided into septic sludge, excess sludge, digester sludge and so on. The sludge from hospital waste treatment facilities is a potential source of infectious organisms since the composition of hospital sewage particularly complex. According to experts estimate that more than 80% of the pathogenic bacteria and 90% of the parasite eggs in the hospital sewage treatment system will be concentrated in the hospital sludge. Therefore, the possibility of contamination by pathogenic micro-organisms from the hospitals has attracted considerable public attention.In 2005, Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection stipulate hospital sludge from grill, septic, sewage treatment station belong hazardous waste which should be treated and disposed of as hazardous waste in discharge standard of water pollutants for medical organization. While, in 2008, hospital sludge was not classified as hazardous waste in the national hazardous waste list. This makes the hospital department of doubt whether the hospital sludge is hazardous waste, so that the hospital sludge disposal is not properly. At present, there is little research on the hospital sludge at home and abroad, and the theoretical system of the system is not formed, which needs further research.In order to study the status of sludge treatment in Shenyang City, and put forward countermeasures to deal with environmental safety risk, this study focuses on the two aspects of the sludge environmental safety index detection and disposal strategies in Shenyang city. At present, Shenyang City, the sewage treatment of large hospitals basically adopted secondary treatment process.Through field investigation, sampling, determination of pH, moisture rate, total Hg, total C r, total C d, total As, total P b, total coliform, fecal coliform, Salmonella, Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, parasites etc., for a total of 14 indicators. According to the identification results, it is proposed to deal with environmental safety risk countermeasures from two aspects of sewage sludge treatment technology and hospital sewage system management.This paper concluded the main results as follows:(1) The pH value of the sludge collected by the large hospital is between 6.7--6.9,. The water content is between 90.7%--96.6%. After burning, the residual is between 215 mg--341 mg. The content of Hg is 0.006--0.040 mg/kg, total C d content is 0.012--0.028 mg/kg, total C r, content is 0.031--0.053 mg/kg, total As content 0.016--0.041 mg/kg, total P b content is 0.014--0.028 mg/kg.(2) The total number of total coliform was between 3.17×106--3.5×107 cfu/g, and the number of fecal coliform was between 1.2×102--3.1×103 cfu/g.(3) The 5 large hospitals were not found Shigella (Sh), Salmonella (Sa), Escherichia coli (EH7), Staphylococcus aureus (St), tuberculosis (My) and other five kinds of pathogenic bacteria, while not detected parasites.This paper concluded the main disposal countermeasure as follows:(1) The results of the study show that although the 5 large hospitals adopt the secondary stage treatment process, it can effectively avoid the serious harm to human health, however, there are total coliform and fecal coliform. Under the conditions of economic conditions, the MBR process is recommended for the treatment of hospital sewage and sewage sludge.(2) Through the investigation that, at present, Shenyang City, some hospital sewage treatment is still using simple treatment. In view of this situation, it is recommended to speed up the popularization and application of secondary stage sewage treatment process in small hospital sewage treatment system. (3) Establishment of early warning system, management system and emergency mechanism for environmental safety risk of sludge in hospital.