Synthesis And Study Of Crosslinking Agent Triallyl Cyanurate

Utilizing isocyanuric acid solvent method, triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) was synthesized by quaternary ammonium salt catalytic of isocyanuric acid and chloropropene in the solvent of N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF). The parameters of the process affected on production were investigated. The product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13CNMR). This paper discussed the mechanism of the reaction of isocyanuric acid solvent method and studied how the factors affected on TAIC, the factors contained reaction solvent, reaction temperature, catalyst, allyl chloride dropwise conditions, constant temperature reaction time and the ratio of raw materials factors.By discussed the reaction mechanism, the reactiong of isocyanuric acid and allyl chloride was determined happening SN2 reaction of reactants uncharged; and in order to shorten the reaction time, the selected solvent should have good solubility to isocyanuric acid. For these two reasons, the subject selected N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a reaction solvente which has xcellent solubility and polar aprotic characteristic.The reaction temperature had an important impact on the yield and purity of TAIC. The results showed that:when the reaction temperature was rised, the yield increased, but the rate of increase was decreased. When the reaction temperature reached 120 ℃, the yield got maximum, the temperature continued to rise, the yield was reduced, so the selection of 120 ℃ was choosen as reaction temperature.The catalyst had an important impact on the yield and purity of TAIC. The results showed that:using tetramethylammonium chloride as the catalyst works best; when the catalyst’s mass fraction of raw material accounting (isocyanuric acid and allyl chloride) reached 3.2%, the maximum yield of TAIC was 91.6%.Dropwise conditions of allyl chloride had an important impact on the yield and purity of TAIC. The results show that:100 ℃ was selected as the temperature of dropping allyl chloride; to control the total reaction time 3.5 h unchanging, when 2h was selected as the dropping time, TAIC had the optimum yield and purity.The length of the reaction time had an important impact to the reaction process. Experimental data showed that when the constant temperature reaction time was 1.5 h, increasing constant temperature reaction time, yield and purity (HPLC) remain basically unchanged. The reaction time was chosen 1.5 h.Ratio of raw materials had an important impact on the yield and purity of the TAIC. Comparative data showed that, as the amount of allyl chloride was increased, when n(isocyanuric acid): n(allyl chloride) was 1 : 4,the yield and purity stabilized, it was most appropriate when n(isocyanuric acid):n(allyl) was 1:4.The product was analyzed by HPLC, FTIR and 13CNMR, it was showed that the resulting product was the TAIC.