An Empirical Research On The Influence Factors Of Safety Signs’ Comprehension Basedon Cognition

With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, the need for safety and security concerns are also increasing. At present, the production safety situation is generally getting better in China, but it still has a great amount of accidents, which has hampered the economic development seriously. The present situation for security and the need causes increasingly conspicuous contradiction. Therefore, how to reduce the occurrence of accidents and improve the level of safety management becomes the focus of social problem. There are some security reasons of the accident, such as the people who lack of safety awareness and the application process issues. But safety signs equipped in production site which did not play its due role is also an important factor in the accident. To reduce the risk of misunderstanding of safety signs in the past few decades, foreign researchers had carried out extensive research about the influencing factors of safety signs’ comprehension, previous safety signs cognitive models mostly from the viewpoint of information theory, while the user of such complex entities mind thinking process is not carried out a more detailed analysis. In the study of safety signs’comprehension, because the human body is a dynamic, the safety signs’comprehension affect by subjective and objective. With the development of cognitive theory, from the perspective of cognitive psychology, analysis on the influencing factors of safety signs’comprehension in-depth become more applicable and reasonable. However, domestic scholars from the cognitive perspective on the influencing factors of safety signs’comprehensive study is rare, The empirical research which about the safety signs’comprehension is also rare.International Organization for Standardization ISO3864-3 defined the comprehension as the meaning of signs of users interpretation. The test method is serving the icon of safety signs to subjects. According to their own understanding, the subjects write the meaning of safety signs, its metrics based on ISO9186, which includes signs must reach a criterion level of at least 67% correct in a comprehension test to be considered acceptable and the accident rate is relatively low. On the basis of the definition of safety signs’comprehension, this study constructed an framework model about the influencing factors of safety signs’ comprehension based on cognitive psychological process,45 subjects from several construction were selected as subjects,103 safety signs used in the experimental to perform the experiment, Empirical study on safety training, safety signs related features, user factors affect on safety signs’ comprehension.The study shows that:First, the average of the four types of safety signs’comprehension are below ISO67% before the training, safety signs’ comprehension should be improved urgently on the current. Second, training can assist individual improve the comprehension level of safety signs to a certain extent, but not enough to offset the adverse effects of safety sign’design defects to the understanding of safety sign.Although the safety signs’comprehension had declined after a one-month time period, it still higher than one before the training. However, it is observed that guide signs comprehension fell short of the ISO3864-3 on the post-training test conducted after one month, combined with performance-related features evaluation of guide signs, the guide signs has the lowest features evaluation in four types of safety signs. Consequently, the guide signs should be redesigned for using. Third, there is a significant positive correlation sign referent features with safety signs comprehension, semantic closeness and the comprehension is the most significant, followed by concreteness, visualization, meaningfulness, familiarity, context availability, simplicity. The industrial designers can refer these to these design safety signs. Fourth, there are not all significant differences of safety signs’comprehension between male and female groups under different educational backgrounds, women-college group has the largest impact to safety signs’comprehension and women-junior group has lowest. There has no significant difference among male-junior group and female-high school group, male-high school group and female-college group. There are not all significant differences of safety signs’comprehension between male and female groups under different years of experience, men-(11-15) group has the largest impact to safety signs’comprehension and there are no significant difference between men-(11-15) group and female-(16 above) group. Women-(1-5) group has the lowest impact to safety signs’comprehension. There has no significant difference among women-(16 above) group with male-(1-5) group, male-(6-10) group. The gender and different age groups (18-29,30-39,40-49,50-59) had no significant impact on the understanding of safety sign, there has no significant difference among these groups. At the same time, people often used computer or have a driver’s license performed better in safety signs’comprehension test in everyday life. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of sign referent features, the effectiveness of safety training, user factors, combining with the theory of cognitive, proposing a solution corresponding to improve the comprehension of safety signs.