The Preparation And Properties Of Cellullose Oil Adsorbent Materials Modified With Polymeric Epoxidized Soybean Oil

Natural oil adsorbent polymer materials such as plant fiber have the characteristics of low cost and biodegradable property, but their application is limited due to the low porosity and poor oil adsorbent selectivity in the oil-water mixture. The method to modifiy the cellulose oil adsorption materials with petrochemical product is environmentally unfriendly, and the landfill or incineration of the used oil adsorbent materials causes secondary pollution and carbon emissions. Therefore, the cellulose aerogels with high porosity were modified with epoxy plant oil and the cellulose oil adsorbent materials were prepared in this paper.The cellulose aerogels was prepared with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether(BDE) cross- linked with cellulose in NaOH/urea/H2 O solution, and followed by purification and freeze-drying. Compared with raw cellulose, the cellulose aerogels’ oxygen and carbon atomic ratio changed. The cellulose crystalline structure transformed to an amorphous structure which showed porous network. The amount of BDE and concentration of hydrogels affected the aerogels structure. The density was 0.0162 g/cm3 and the adsorbent abilities of water, DMF and toluene were 41, 38 and 16 g/g respectively when the mole ration of anhydroglucose unit(AGU) and BDE was 1:3 and the hydrogels concentration was 1.5%. The aerogels had no oil adsorption selectivity due to its amphiphilic property. Otherwise, the cellulose aerogels kept good adsorption ability in water when it was reused, but the adsorption abilities decreased obviously in low polar solvents.Filter paper and cellulose films were modified with epoxidized soybean oil(ESO) to prepare hydrophobic cellulose materials. In the hydrophobic modification of filter paper, the ESO reacted with cellulose through ring-opening and then polymerized to form the nanoparticles at the surface of filter paper. So the surface free energy decreased to 22.07 mJ·m-2, water contact angle reached 145.1 °, and the tensile strength kept un-decrease after immersed in water for 30 min. In the hydrophobic modification of cellulose films, super smooth cellulose films with a 1.698 nm surface roughness Ra were prepared by spin coating, and used to research the effect of surface roughness on the hydrophobicity. It was found that, with increase of the ESO concentration, both the modified films Ra and the area percentage of air trapped within the interstices of the surface increased. Correspondingly, water contact angle increased to 137.5°.Biological cellulose oil absorption materials with excellent selectivity for the oil were prepared using polymeric epoxidized soybean oil to modify cellulose. The obtained oil absorption materials maybe used to recover and utilize of oil leakage in water. This study can provide guidance for the preparation and performance research of cellulose oil absorption materials.