| Due to the special wettability, superhydrophobic surface was widely used in the area of anticorrosion, anti-icing, anti-contamination and self-cleaning. Different applications demand different surface performance. In this dissertation, three different kinds of functional superhydrophobic surfaces, which separately aim at the applications of decoration materials, micro-droplet reactor and oil-water separation are successfully prepared.(1) Fabrication and decoration application of colored, anti-bacterial superhydrophobic surface. Three colored superhydrophobic coatings on copper were fabricated by an electrolytic route. By simply changing the electrolytic conditions, tunable color surfaces can be obtained. The fundamental cause of color variation should be attributed to the composition of resulting coatings. After modification with stearic acid, the contact angles(CA) of samples with three different colors are 156.8°, 160.0°, 162.8°, respectively, and slide angles(SA) are all nearly 1°. The polarization test showed that the colored superhydrophobic surface has higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion current density, could efficiently improve the corrosion resistance of copper matrix. In addition, pH stability, atmospheric exposure test, antibacterial test, abrasion test and tape adhesion test were also performed from the viewpoint of the physical stability and chemical stability of superhydrophobic surfaces. Results indicate that the obtained surfaces be of excellent environmental adaptability, high anti-corrosion ability, and good mechanical property. Combining with the beautiful colors, superhydrophobic surface reported here have good application prospect in the field of anti-pollution decoration materials.(2) Fabrication and micro-droplet reactor application of superhydrophobic surface with controlled adhesion. Electrodeposition technique used to construct copper coating with flower-like hierarchical structure, and subsequent modification by mixed fatty acid(HOOC(CH2)8COOH and CH3(CH2)10COOH), a superhydrophobic surface was obtained. By simply changing the ratio of HOOC(CH2)8COOH in the mixed modification solution, the slide angles(SA) of water droplet can be adjusted from extremely low(less than 10°) to very high(180°). Besides, the influence of surface chemical composition on the surface adhesion was also examined. Noticeably, the anti-corrosion performance of magnesium alloy was greatly improved after being modified. In addition, the tunable adhesion superhydrophobic magnesium alloy showed high hydrophobicity not only for pure water but also for corrosive liquids, such as acid, alkali, salt. Based on the great anti-corrosion performance and continuous adhesion, a proof of droplet-based microreactor and selective transportation of waters with different volume was provided. This study provides a new method for preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces with tunable adhesion, which not only offers the further principle for the fabrication of tunable adhesive superhydrophobic surfaces, but also can be potentially used in many important applications, such as micro-fluidic devices and chemical microreactors.(3) Fabrication of superhydrophobic-superoleophilic boat for efficiently separation and remove of oil from water. Fe2O3 particles are firstly deposited on the fabric via a Fenton process, and subsequent modification by Schiff base reaction, a superhydrophobic-superoleophilic fabric was obtained. The as-prepared surface exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 160.2° and a sliding angle lower than 10°. The superhydrophobic surface possessed good mechanical and stability due to the fact that the surface could maintain superhydrophobicity after mechanical abrasion for 700 mm and tore by tape over 50 times. In addition, the composite fabric demonstrated highly efficient oil-water separation for its extreme superhydrophobicity-superoleophilicity wettability. Inspired by water strider, a mini-boat was made for self-driven oil spill clean-up. We expect that this robust fabric can be widely adopted for the applications of oil-water separation and oil absorption. |
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