Distribution And Pollution Of Heavy Metals In Multimedia Of Jiaozhou Bay In Yellow Sea

Jiaozhou bay is a typical semi-circus bay and deep water harbor in north of china, as the leading city in Shandong island economic zone, Depending on rich ocean resource and shipping conditions,Qiangdao developed very fast in these years. However, as the increased of developed activities and improvement of economy, Jiaozhou bay was heavily polluted, and ecological environment deteriorated severely. And the pollution of heavy metals have attracted more attention to for it’s diffusion、be amplified toxicity through food-chain accumulation. Jiaozhou bay was managed by Qingdao municipal government Since 2008, Qingdao implemented the strategy “protect bay and developing rely on bay”, because of this, the ecological environment was improved on some degree. nevertheless, The long term monitoring and evaluating is necessary for its dynamic and integrated features.On account of these background, this research take seawater 、sediment and three kinds of ocean animals as research subject. the representative samples of seawater(0-30m)、 sediments(0-10cm) and three kinds of ocean animals(fish、crustaceans and shellfish)in different depths and area were collected from Jiaozhou Bay in Aug. 2013, and the concentration of focused heavy metals(As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni)was determined by ICP-MS and Atomic Fluorescence system, national seawater quality standards、national sediments quality standards and potential ecological risk index( RI) were applied to estimate their vertical pollution degree and potential risk. the accumulation of heavy metals in different kinds of animals were figured based on heavy metals pollution index( MPI);The edible safety was concluded by comparing actual weekly intake( AWI)with provisional tolerable weekly intake( PTWI).hoping to provided theory and data support for the development of Jiaozhou bay resource and improvement of fishery products.The results showed that:(1)seawater in Jiaozhou bay was polluted by heavy metals, and few elements met III categories of national seawater quality standards, and the rest met IV. The seawater was heavily polluted by Cu and Hg. In horizontal direction, the highest values of metals were distributed alone east and southwest coast. And the highest value of Hg was distributed alone Jiaozhou cross-ocean bridge. In vertical direction, concentration of metals in surface water(0-10m) and bottom(21-30m)water was higher than intermediate(11-20). Aivalues of seawater from large to small are: Cu>Pb>Hg>Ni>Cd>Cr>Zn>As,which indice seawater is polluted heavily by Cu、Pb、Hg、Ni and Cd. The result of CPI shows the heavy pollution of seawater.(2)In sediments, almost all values of metals twice the I national sediments quality standards except Cr,and Hg was the highest value. RI value of Jiaozhou Bay was placed from large to small: Hg>As>Ni>Cd>Pb>Cr>Cu>Zn. Moreover, all metals were distributed alone polluted sources, and the concentration reduced from east to west.(3)The concentration of heavy metals in three kinds of animals is not average, however,Cu、Zn are all higher than other metals. And heavy metals in fish from more to less is : Zn >As> Cu >Ni>Hg>Cd>Pb>Cr,crustaceans: Zn >Cu> As >Ni>Hg >Cd> Cr >Pb,shellfish: Zn> As >Cu> Cd >Ni> Pb> Hg >Cr。Almost concentration of all heavy metals in crustaceans and shellfish are higher than in fish.(4) According to the research, concentration of heavy metals is different in different kinds of ocean animals. concentration of Cr、 Ni、 Zn 、Cd、Cu、As in crustaceans is larger than in fish; the highest values of Pb、Hg in shellfish and crustaceans,fellowed the fish.(5) The MPI results showed that: there is a large different of MPI of heavy metals in different kinds of animals, the highest value in Cu 、Zn and lowest in Cr、Pb and Hg.on the view if animal kinds, three kinds of animals are all concentrate more Cu、Zn, especially shellfish, which contracted more. and fish concentrate the less expect Enedrias fangi. however, the high value of Cr in seawater not lead to the high concentration in fish should be continue discussed. The MPI of different kinds animal from large to small are : shellfish>crustaceans>fish.(6) The results of potential ecological risk index( RI) showed that, except Cr, almost all heavy metals in the range of severe pollution. Zn、As、Cd are far exceed heavy polluted limit, and Zn、Ni in shellfish,Pb、Hg in crustaceans and shellfish,Cu in shellfish are all heavily polluted. The edible safety value( PTWI) in every kind of animals showed that, most heavy metals in three kinds of animals are all safe. however, As、Cd、Hg in shellfish and crustaceans near or above limit range, which should be pay more attention to.