Study On Chemical Components Of Atmospheric Particulates From Emission Of Agricultural And Forestry Biomass Burning

With the development of environmental protecting work, the particulate air pollution from biomass burning dust arouse people’s attention. The source 0f particulate air pollution contain coal dust, soil dust, motor vehicle exhaust dust secondary particulate of dust, biomass burning dust and so on.In order to analyze the source of the air particulate, we must study the chemical components of different kinds of dust, road construction dust. So in this paper,biomass burning dust were collected as the research subjects, then chemical components were studied.The native six kinds of typical biomass in Lvliang and Jincheng, which are millet stalks, bean straw, corn stalk, wheat straw, leaves and grass that had been gathered to do research, are the research subjects. Then burning dust were collected using medium flow atmospheric particulate sampler of TH-150 C.Elementar Analysen systeme Gmb H vario EL cube produced in German was used to measure the mass concentration of TC(Total carbon, TC)and OC(Organic carbon, OC); Using CIC—200, that came from Qingdao, toanalyze the nine kings of water-soluble inorganic ions, which is K+, Na+, Ca2+,Mg2+, NH4+, F-, Cl-, SO42-and NO3-. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optica Emission Spectrometer(IRIS Intrepid II XSP)was used to analyze the seventeen kinds of inorganic element that include K, Na, Mg, Ca, Al, Cd, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, Fe, Mn, As, Pb, Co, Then compared with other source; analyzed the correlation of different kings of inorganic ions in agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust. The results are as follows:(1) The percentage of TC in the six kinds of agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust was range from 62.37% to 73.46%, carbon components was an important part of agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust.The percentage of TC in leaves burning dust was the highest of them, which reached73.46%. The grass dust was lower than it, which reached 68.20%. The millet Stalks, bean straw, corn stalks and wheat straw dust, that were substantially similar, were lower than the grass dust,which reached 62.5%.The percentage of carbon components in the agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust was significantly higher than coal dust, soil dust, cement dust and road construction dust, but slightly lower than vehicle exhaust dust.(2) The percentage of the sum of the nine kinds of water-soluble in organic ions in the six kinds of agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust, who are K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+, F-, Cl-, SO42-and NO3-, were 20.19%, 18.22%,23.28%, 21.83%, 24.12% and 22.47%. Water-soluble inorganic ions is an important part of the agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust. SO42-, K+,Cl-and F-were the most important water-soluble in organic ions of the nine in the agricultural and forestry biomass burning dust. Which reached86.11%-88.14%.(3) The equivalent ratio of anion and kation in the particulate from emission of agricultural and forestry dust was less than 1, and the equivalent ratio of anion was lower than kation, the particulate was acidic. The correlation of K+and Cl-was not only better than K+and SO42-, but also better than K+and F-, the presence form of K+was KCl.(4) K+/OC in the particulate matter of agricultural and forestry biomass burning emission were 0.16, 0.14, 0.17, 0.16, 0.11 and 0.12, the ratio can be regarded as an important index to judge the dust from biomass burning.(5) K, Ca, Na and Mg in bean straw, corn stalk and wheat straw were the four kinds of most important inorganic elements, the sum percentage of them in the particulate were 88.6%, 92.1% and 88.1%. The percentage of K in the agricultural biomass was the highest of them, and which reached 62.8%, 60.2%and 61.4%, the percentage of K is another index to judge the source of biomass burning.