Synthesis And Properties Of A New Highly Thermally Stable Resistant Explosives With High Energy-Coupling Pyrazole Triazole (CPT) Energetic Salts

With the development of drilling oil-wells and space exploration, heat resistant explosives with excellent performance were required.Much attention have been focused on the development of heat resistant explosives with improved performance and good thermal stability as well as environmental compatibility in the research of energetic materials.Heterocycles generally have a higher heat of formation, density, and oxygen balance than their carbocyclic analogues. With the covalent bond connecting the two heterocycles to form a conjugated system, chemical energetic materials would be higher thermal stability, heat of formation and densisty. The introduction of an amino group into a heterocyclic for enhancing the thermal stability and the performance.Salt-based energetic materials often possess advantages over nonionic molecules, as these salts tend to exhibit higher densisty,lower vapor pressures, higher thermal stability,lower toxicity than their atomically similar nonionic analogues. The structures of both cation and anion components can be independently designed and moded depending on the anticipated application.In this paper, 1-(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine was designed and synthesized successfully, which were then fully characterized using 1H NMR,13 C NMR,IR and EA.It decomposes at 325℃,its densitiy was 1.93 g cm-3, The velocities and detonation pressures were calculated to be 9213 m s-1 and 41.5 GPa. Impact sensitivity was found to be 7.5 J. Overall performance is better than the currently known ultra-high temperature resistant explosives. The apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of the CPT were obtained 221.89 KJ mol-1 and 2.29×1016 s-1 under non-isothermal conditions by thermal kinetic methods using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). All of the data provides the basis for the evaluation of the thermal stability and safety of the materials. We studied its compatibility with some explosives,for further reseach to explore the performance of explosive and application in the field of composite explosives and propellant.In this paper, triaminoguanidinium and hydroxyammonium salts were designed and synthesized successfully, which were then fully characterized using 1H NMR,13 C NMR,IR and EA. Its triaminoguanidinium salts were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All the salts with decomposition temperatures over 215℃. The densities of the energetic salts were over 1.71 g cm-3. Impact sensitivities were found to be >20 J better than the Neutral CPT(7.5 J). The detonation pressures and velocities of these energetic salts were calculated by EXPLO5 to be over 30.9 GPa and 8648 m s-1.Triaminoguanidinium and hydroxyammonium salts are potential heat resistant explosives based on their good thermal stabilities, detonation properties.