Synthesis Of Acid Ionic Liquids From Polyethylene Glycol Mono-4-nonylphenyl Ether And Its Catalytic Performance For Synthesis Of Biodiesel

Along with the progress of high technology and the significant increase of fossil fuel energy consumption, shortage of energy is a common problem confronting all countries all over the world. As the performance of biological diesel oil produced with animal and vegetable oil is clean, safe and renewable, it can be a potential alternative fuel of diesel. Therrmo-sensitive polymers belong to smart materials. They are usually formed by functional groups that are easy to produce hydrogen bond just as PEG, poly N-isopropylacrylamide, polyvinyl methyl ether, SDS-L-Proline methyl ester and so on. They have been widely used in controlled drug delivery, bioengineering, separation, analysis and catalysis and other fields.In this thesis, several bifunctional temperature-sensitive amphiphilic Br?nsted-acidic ionic liquids with an alkane sulfonic acid group and a polyether group were direct synthesized through polyethylene glycol mono-4-nonylphenyl ether as raw materials. They were characterized by infrared spectrum(IR), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), and electrospray ionization mass spectrum(ESI-MS). It was found that their structures were consistent with the designed structures.The physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids, including surface activity, clouding point, thermal stability and solubility, were investigated by electrical conductivity measurement, ultraviolet specrophotometer and thermogravimetric analysis(TG). It was found that the polymerization degree of polyether chain of ionic liquids had influence on both physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids. As the length of polymerization degree of polyether chain increased, the solubility of ionic liquids increased in the water, the critical micelle concentration(CMC) values of ionic liquids increased, which indicated a decrease of surface activity and they were dissoluble in methanol and were not dissoluble in methyl oleate. NP-10-ILs was temperature sensitive, and its cloud point was 60 ℃ in water and 57 ℃ in methanol. In addition, TG-DTA results showed that these ionic liquids exhibited good thermal stability.These three polyether functional acidic ionic liquids showed excellent performance in the transesterification of glycerol trioleate with methanol to biodiesel, and they all showed higher catalytic activity than H2SO4. With an increase in the polymerization degree of polyether chain of ionic liquid, the catalytic activity of ionic liquid increased. Among all the ionic liquids, the NP-10-ILs with thermo-sensibility showed the best catalytic performance. The influence of reaction temperature on the catalytic reaction was explored, and with increasing of reaction temperature, the conversion of glycerol trioleate and yield the methyl oleate increase. Considering the thermal stability of ionic liquids, the optimal reaction temperature was 175 ℃. The ionic liquids still showed good catalytic activity after four cycles.