| At present, the site of electric vehicles are used more and more widely in the scenic area,golf course, airport, train station, vacation village, large hotels, city walking street, stadiums.Because of wide application range, energy saving and environmental protection, thegovernments and countries are willing to encourage and support the development of electricvehicles. Electric vehicle has the advantage of simple structure. The electric motor which isconnected to the battery will transform the electrical energy into kinetic energy. Through thecontroller and transmission system the power can be achieved for the vehicle wheel. This paperis based on a Q3B type field of electric vehicles and builds a new frame which can hold morepeople and with a larger size. And a frame will be analyzed by static analysis and optimization.Through performing the dynamic analysis for the optimized results the dynamic characteristicsof the frame can be achieved. Finally on the basis of the stability analysis with two free steering,analysis of the electric vehicle steering stability with three free steering were finished.Firstly, according to the relevant information, such as various technical indicators anddesign requirements of the Q3B electric vehicles, parameters of the model of electric vehicle canbe determined. Refer to the characteristics of frame and the design parameters which are alreadydetermined, an electric vehicle frame which can carry6passengers with three rows of seats wasdesigned. And the model of assembly frame in3D CAD software Solidworks was established.Secondly, using ANSYS Workbench software, the finite element model of the electricvehicle frame was determined. According to the using conditions of vehicle, the frame is dividedinto4conditions including full-laden of constant speed condition, full-laden of warpingcondition, full-laden of climbing condition and full-laden of braking condition. The framestructure which id under different working conditions are analyzed by static analysis so that thestress, strain and deformation cloud chart can be obtained. Meanwhile the intensity and rigidityof the frame can be verified easily. And according to the results, two improvements and recheckwere made to finish the frame lightweight design.Thirdly, using the modal analysis theory, the analysis of the frame finite element modal wascarried on. By selecting the electric vehicle frame before the24order vibration characteristics,frame natural frequency and vibration type in each using condition were obtained. Through theanalysis of external excitation caused by uneven pavement we can find that there are no obvious resonances to the frame. So the design of the electric frame was reasonable and effective.Finally, on the basis of two degree of freedom vehicle steering the analysis of vehiclesteering stability by three degree of freedom method was carried on. Through establishing asimulation model of electric vehicle steering block diagram in Matlab software the analysis oftime domain and frequency domain can be finished. So the performances of electric vehiclesteering stability were studied. |
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