Lithium Storage Properties Of One-Dimensional Nanocomposites

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are considered as the most promising power sources in the21st century for the wide application ranging from micro batteries for small-size electronic devices to power sources for electrical vehicles. Lithium-ion battery has been a hot topic in the research field of new energy sources. Nowadays, owing to the poor performance of LIB on reversible capacity and cycling stability, we are focused on three nanophase materials to improve the performance of LIBs. The research details are as follows:(1) One-dimensional (1D) nanostructure SnO2/FeWO4nanorods material has been used as high performance LIBs anode. FeWO4nanometerials were the first synthesized via a hydrothermal method, and then SnO2/FeWO4nanorods were synthesized via a simple wet-chemical route. Their morphologies, structures and the types of crystal were characterized by various electrochemical methods in combination with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). They were used as the anode material of LIBs. The study found that the discharge capacity of LIBs with SnO2/FeWO4nanorods as anode is much higher than that of LIBs with FeWO4as anode and the traditional theory, as well as the coulombic efficiency.(2) One-dimensional (1D) nanostructure SnO2/ZnWO4nanorods material has been used as high performance LIBs anode. ZnWO4nanorods were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, and then SnO2/ZnWO4nanorods were the first synthesized via a simple wet-chemical route. Their morphologies, structures and the types of crystal were characterized by various electrochemical methods. The electrochemical performance, such as the dischange specific capacity, cyclability and coulombic efficiency and so on, were analysed under the same conditions of charge/discharge rate, which indicates that the performance of SnO2/ZnWO4is much higher than the pure SnO2and ZnW04nanometerials. The charge/discharge mechanism of ZnW04nanorods and SnO2/ZnWO4nanorods were confirmed by their differential capacity curves (dc/dv vs.voltage).(3) One-dimensional (1D) nanostructure La2O3nanorods material has been used as high performance LIBs anode. La(OH)3nanorods were synthesized by a new hydrothermal method, and then after high temperature annealing conditions, La2O3nanorods were got. Their morphologies, structures and the types of crystal were characterized by various electrochemical methods in combination with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS).In addition, we analyzed their growth mechanism. This is the first time that we used La2O3nanorods in LIBs. The capacity and cyclability of La2O3nanorods are mildly higher than that of graphite materials. Moreover, we explained the superiority on the application of the La2O3nanorods in LIBs.