Reducing Of Residual Oil Viscosity And Making Of Marine Fuel Oil By Blending

In recent years, due to the gradual depletion of oil resources, the fuel oil is increasingly scarce, which greatly influenced people’s daily life. The mined crude oil tends to be heavier, especially the crude oil with high sulfur, high nitrogen and high acid. Above this, high viscosity of crude must be reduced to be meet pipeline transportation, storage and processing requirements. In order to make better use of vacuum residue, one kind of heavy oil resources, viscosity reduction became one of the important problems those should be solved worldwide. Due to the inappropriate ratio of gasoline to diesel and the scarcity of diesel, it is very necessary to explore marine diesel fuel.This paper adopted one kind of macroporous styrene sulfonic acid-based resin as a catalyst for reducing vacuum residue viscosity through catalytic cracking. Besides, we have studied the influence of residue fraction distribution and four components of residue on the viscosity reduction. The experimental results showed that the highest rate of viscosity reducing was 97.2% and the optimal condition was as follows:D072 type styrene-based resin as the catalyst that was traeated by O.lmol/L sulfuric acid activation, activation of 12h, reaction temperature of 380℃, reaction time of 30min, and oil to catalyst fraction of 10:1 with additives B. Using macroporous styrene sulfonic acid resin, the heavy oil conversion rate was 39.76% and the yield of light oil was 62.87%.Based on reducing residual oil viscosity, we made marine fuel by blending shale oil as light oil, and we studied the effects of different blending ratios on the oil viscosity. Besides, we tested the quality of different kinds of blended oil through comparison of viscosity between blended oils and national standards. Experimental results showed that kinematic viscosity of the prepared flame burning -2 and -lat 50℃ were 136 mm2 · s-1 and 170 mm2 · s-1, which were lower than the 180# marine fuel oil viscosity standard of (180 mm2 s-1). And kinematic viscosity of marine fuel -4 and -5 at 50 ℃were 21 mm2 · s-1 and 25 mm2 · s-1, which were lower than motion viscosity kinematic viscosity of 30 mm2 s-1, and met RMB30 standard fuel oil viscosity. Flash points of all the prepared grade of marine fuel oil were higher than 100 ℃, which met the standard requirements>60℃. In addition, process of the marine fuel oil preparation in the laboratory is economic.We used surfactants as the viscosity reducer of blended oil, and studied the influence of the quantity of surfactant and surfactant HLB on viscosity and stability of blended oil. Experimental results showed that the minimum of viscosity was 110mPa·s and the optimum condition was 3‰ surfactant adding, surfactant HLB value 13, and the vacuum residue:shale oil ratios 1:1 (w:w). Being centrifuged the blended oils with the centrifugal rotational speed of 3000r/min, the blended oils were not stratified, which indicated the blended oil with surfactants as the viscosity reducer are stable.