The Research On Transfer Rules Of Drivers’ Visual Attention In Highway Tunnel Section

For the past few years, with the development of the highway of our country,, the corresponding traffic accidents become more and more. In the traffic accident, the tunnel is a special area where the safety accident happens. Since there is a big difference between the eye movement behavior in the tunnel and that in the ordinary road while the driver is driving, in this paper, the transfer law of the vision is studied in the process of the driver driving the car through the tunnel, in order to make a reference to the research in reducing the safety accidents in tunnels.During the research, real vehicle tests were conducted in the real environment, 9 tunnel roads in shaanxi section of BaoMao expressway were selected as test routes, 3 drivers also were chosen, the Eye Link II type of eye tracker of SR Research company was adopted to track and record the characteristics of eye movement behavior. At the same time, Unistrong GPS and CTM-3000 contactless fifth wheel instrument were chosen to collect the relevant data such as coordinate displacement/ speed. Based on reviewing the researches at home and abroad, the drivers’ visual areas in tunnel were divided according to the reality and clustering analysis of the relative data. Based on the collected data and combining with the characteristics of experiment routes, the drivers’ visual shift frequency in the corner and the distribution of vision were analyzed in the entrance section, middle section and exit section of the tunnel, the Markov chain theory were used to analyze the one step and two steps transfer law of gaze fixation point among every region.The research results show that, the drivers’ visual shift frequency has a short fast rising in entrance and exit of the tunnel. the driver’s visual frequency In the tunnel is slightly lower than it in the ordinary roads. The driver’s distribution of vision Is probably right ahead > far ahead > leftward(rightward) > left(right) side-view mirror > driving instrument >rear-view mirror. The leftward and rightward distribution of vision arise in the the entrance section and exit section of the tunnel,and the front and backward distribution of vision is little in the middle section of the tunnel. Compared with ordinary road, right ahead distribution of vision is slightly lower than it in ordinary road. The driver’s visual transition probability is mainly related to three factors: first, the current region, and the biggest transition probability is usually stay in self area; Second, the distribution of vision, right ahead distribution of vision is the biggest, so the visual transition probability from the current region to right ahead region is generally larger; Third, distribution of space, in general, over a certain area, the transitionprobability is generally smaller from the current region to very far area,and generally bigger from the current region to surrounding area.This paper get the support from the National Natural Science Fund Project " Research on the Visual Attention Focus and Transfer Mode of Drivers and the Space Visibility in Tunnel"(project approval number: 51308059).