Research On The Adjustment Technology Of Position And Pose For Aircraft Component Assembly And Software Development

The component assembly is an important part of aircraft assembly. The quality and efficiency of component assembly determines the aircraft quality, manufacturing cost and cycle to a great degree. The conventional assembly method in China is inefficient and difficult to guarantee assembly precision or quality, which can’t meet the demand of higher efficiency and less cost of the modern aircraft manufacturing. The automatic assembly method of aircraft component, which is integrated by advanced technologies such as digital measurement, flexible supporting and positioning tools, computer integrated control system, promotes the assembly process by automation, flexibility, digitization and informationization, is the development trend of component assembly technology.Taking adjustment technology of position and pose for aircraft component assembly as the research object, the research about aircraft component is done on calculation method of target position and pose, position and pose adjustment method as well as automatic assembly process. And two control softwares for the component automatic assembly systems, one for wing and fuselage, another for horizontal tail and tail beam, are developed. The application experiments of components’ automatic assembly are done. The main contributions in this thesis are as follows:1)The calculation method of the component’s target position and pose is studied. Based on constraint of position and pose reference points,aimed at two common joint structure types, frame and cross-ear tie-in, the constraint conditions of the component’s position and pose are analysed, and the calculation models of the component’s target position and pose are proposed. The component’s target position and pose can fully meet the demand of assembly precision and quality.2)The component’s position and pose adjustment method is studied, and its automatic assembly process is designed. The assembly coordinate system’s construction method is studied, and its relationship with measuring coordinate system is identified. The calibration method of the coordinate error between the jointer and the assist stick on the positioner, calculation and optimization method of positioner’s displacement, and the method to get coordinates of measuring points by positioners, are studied. On above basis, an automatic assembly process and position and pose adjustment method are proposed. Based on position calculation and automatic measurement method of measurement points, a synchronous position and pose adjustment method is proposed, which can promote efficiency of measurement and assembly for aircraft components.3)For the application of ARJ21-700 wing and fuselage assembly and a certain type helicopter’s horizontal tail and tail beam assembly, two control softwares for the component automatic assembly systems are developed, which realizes lots of functions such as measurement with digital measuring devices, construction and calculation of coordinate systems, measurement, calculation and adjustment of the component’s position and pose, calculation and drive of the positioner, data management. The application experiments are done on ARJ21-700 wing and fuselage automatic assembly and a certain type helicopter’s horizontal tail and tail beam assembly, which demonstrates the validity of calculation models of the component’s target position and pose, the position and pose adjustment method and automatic assembly process. The control softwares are effective and complete. The research achivements satisfy the requrements of engineering application.