Quasi-one Dimensional Metal Fractal Growth And Its Application In Supercapacitors

Metal electrodeposition is a very important method of preparative metal materials, there are many kinds of metals prepared and moldinged by electrodeposition in industry. With the introduction of the fractal geometry, it provides a new train of thought for the quantitative dendrite growth behavior in the process of electrodeposition. Supercapacitior is a new type of energy storage device, it has a bigger power density, good cycle performance. so it has attracted more and more attention. Combine fractal electrodeposition with supercapacitior not only has a innovative idea, but also has very high practical value. Through regulating and controlling the dendrite fractal growth to explore the mechanism of the dendrite growth in the process of electrolysis and the use of the advantages of the fractal structure which have larger specific surface area to explore the possibility of preparation of supercapacitor.This subject used metal fiber as its substrate, and a rapid, effective and cheap process of preparative and molding metal materials based on metal electrodeposition, then we got quasi one-dimensional metal electrodeposition product of two different morphology fractal dendrite of 2D highly bifurcate structure and 3D high curvative structure. Finally, the supercapacitior which has good performance was obtained by using this fractal structure of complexity and flexible substrate.The main contents of this paper are as follows:①We designed and manufactured a thin-layer cell reactor, and successfully prepared the 2D manganese fractal dendrites with highly branched structure, and on the basis of the reactor, we systematic studied the influence of electrolysis voltage, concentration of metal ion, growth time and concentration of the additive for the 2D electrodeposition process of the metal manganese on 1D electrode;②Through theoretical analysis of electric field strength and the random motion strength of 2D metal manganese growth process, this paper has established forest growth model with random movement and directional electric driven, as well as kinetic mechanism of manganese metal grown on 1D linear electrode was presented;③This paper designed full immersion reactor and successfully prepared 3D nickel fractal dendrites which have high curvature structure, on the basis of this reactor, we systematic studied the influence of electrolysis voltage, time and p H and other growth conditions for the 3D electrodeposition of metal nickel on the 1D electrode;④In this study, metal manganese of 2D structure and metal nickel of 3D structure grown on a 1D linear electrode were used as a collector, super-thin nanosheets Ni O as the active material was prepared as electrode for electrochemical capacitors, and the performance of assembled supercapacitior was characterized. The results showed that the highest capacitance of Ni O could reach 2349 F/g when we tested half capacity, the supercapacitor has excellent electrochemical behavior and better flexibility with structural strength.