| Since occupants of the vehicles are protected by the use of seat-belts and airbags, pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users as there is not such type of protection. And it could lead to the severe injuries or loss of lives in accidents. Injuries of lower limbs often lead to long-term or permanent disability. So pedestrain safety has become an impotant topic in the research of automotive safety all over the world. Based on the finite element model of the lower limb which in line with China’s human anatomy structure,the injury mechanism of the lower limb of pedestrain was studied, using finite element analysis method.Based on the existing FE model of the lower limb, the structures and materials of bones and knee were improved. The FE model was validated by simulating the three-point bending tests and lower limb sheering and bending tests. The results from simulationg were compared with the results from the biomechanical tests well. The FE model of pedestrain lower limb can be use in further studies.Using the validated model, the injury mechanics of pedestrain lower limb and risk factors were studied. The dunamics responses and biomechanical responses of lower limb in different loads, such as height, velocity and rigidity of the impactor, were simulated. And lower limb with or without muscle was studied. The crash model of pedestrain with a SUV as well as a sedan car were developed, and the injuries and its lacation of pedestrain lower limb can be predicted with the results of simulation. The results of the studies indicated that the velocity effect the injuries of pedestrain lower limb more motable.The FE model of lower limb was further developed with muscle. The sheering test of new model in lower velocity was simulated. The new model has a higher biological simulation. For the complacation of muscle in lower limb, more studies have to be developed.The article has offered a strong basis for the study of biomachanism of FE model and the safety design of the vehicles. |
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