Research On Traffic Information Collection And Communication Techniques In Internet Of Vehicles

Internet of Vehicles aims to obtain all of the static, dynamic information of vehicles and the road environment information through traffic information collection technology, wireless communication technology and positioning technology’s cooperation with each other, which can achieve the information exchange and interaction between vehicle-vehicle, vehicle-road. Obtaining real-time, accurate traffic data and make sure that the traffic information can be transferred efficiently and reliably by relevant communication techno logy, which is of great significance to promote the development of Internet of Vehicles technology. Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) technology is the core of internet of vehicles technology, the vehicle’s status information and road environment information is the basis of internet of vehicles technology. So firstly this paper has analyzed the IEEE 802.11p protocol standard of DSRC technology and completed the software and hardwire designation of onboard unit (OBU) and roadside unit (RSU) which are based on 802.11p communication protocol. Moreover, this paper has designed and implemented the traffic information collection system in Internet of Vehicles which combined with 802.11p communication technology, vehicle CAN Bus communication technology and wireless geomagnetic vehicle-detection technology. The content of this paper mainly includes the following parts:Firstly, vehicle-road and vehicle-vehicle communication with each other should be efficient and reliable enough, because only a short window of time to exchange information between them under high speed and dynamic environment. So this paper has in-depth analyzed the PHY and MAC characteristics of IEEE 802.11p protocol and conducted the 802.11p communication module hardware designation based on SAF5100 wireless processor chip and TEF5100 wireless radio chip of NXP. Moreover, this paper has conducted the 802.11p communication module software designation on the embedded system and constructed the high-performance DSRC communication system in Internet of Vehicles.Secondly, according to the demand of the vehicle status information and the road environment information which should be collected, this paper focuses on the vehicle CAN Bus communication technology and combing with GPS positioning technology, designing the vehicle information collection unit which can acquire the operating status information and location information of the vehicle. Moreover, this paper has completed the software and hardware designation of the roadside information collection system based on 433MHz wireless sensor network and geomagnetic vehicle detection technology for constructing a network of roadside real-time traffic low information collection. Then the author tested and evaluated the function and the accuracy of information collection of the OBU and RSU.In the end, the author has tested the communication performance of DSRC communication system which is based on 802.11p communication protocol standard and compared with the DSRC communication system which is based on Wi-Fi communication technology. The result shows that when the vehicle traveling at a high speed to conduct communication between the moving vehicle to vehicle and moving vehicle to roadside,802.11p communication technology has the great advantage of low communication latency and the ability to process the multipath effects, it will be the focus in the future’s technology of Internet of Vehicles.