| Nowadays, a variety of small-scale renewable distributed generations (DGs) and storage units are gradually adopted in the premise of households which enables the residents to promote the level of response at the demand side actively. In addition, the real-time pricing (RTP) mechanism has been adopted by power utilities as a leveraging tool aiming to enclose the electricity customers into the loop of energy provision and encourage them to adaptively manage their domestic loads. Such recent changes enable the residents to promote the level of demand side response from different aspects, e.g. flattening peak demand, as well as reducing electricity purchase cost by including RTP into decision-making of one-day-ahead dispatch.In this paper, we mainly look into the optimal energy dispatch problem within the community of residents with DGs and storage units under RTP and presents an efficient approach with the algorithmic solution to address the energy dispatch from two levels:optimal control within individual households (e.g. through appropriately allocating schedulable loads and storage units, reducing cost by including the real-time pricing (RTP) into decision-making of one-day-ahead dispatch), and trading among neighbor households(e.g. through appropriately dispatching the excess energy which storage cannot stored within neighborhoods). It aims to exploit the potential economical benefits of coordinating the renewable DGs, storage units and domestic loads by using RTP as a leverage tool to reduce peak demand and minimize the electricity purchase cost whilst significantly improve the part and global utilization efficiency of DGs and storage. The proposed solution is assessed through a comparative study by carrying out a set of simulation experiments and the numerical result confirms our expectation. The robustness of the solution is further evaluated under uncertainties, e.g. inaccurate prediction of DG output and RTP information. |
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