The Design Schemes Of The Deviation Rectification For An Ancient Masonry Pagoda

Pagoda, as one of typical high-rise buildings in ancient China, is regarded as favorable material for researching the technologies and history of ancient constructions in China. As existing ancient pagodas have valuable historical value and great sightseeing function, they are worthy to be highly protected. However, most of these pagodas(nine out of ten pagodas)have been tilted or damaged to some extent due to various factors including artificial and natural damages. With the development of society and science, the human beings’ consciousness for protecting ancient pagodas has seen to be enhancing. Under such circumstance, the deviation rectification, as the key part in the protection of ancient pagodas,has attracted wide social attentions. In this research, the degrees of the damage and the inclination of an ancient masonry pagoda were investigated by conducting traditional measurement and 3D laser scanning based on the characteristics of the foundation, the engineering geological conditions, and the structure of the pagoda. Meanwhile, the reasons leading to the inclination of the ancient pagoda were analyzed in detail. On this basis, the schemes of the deviation rectification of an ancient masonry pagoda, including foundation grouting, strengthening basic ring beam, fixing the pagoda with cables, and the correction of pagoda’s inclination through the soil removal with horizontal drilling, have been designed.The research is mainly demonstrated as follows:1)The engineering geological conditions and the historical change of the ancient pagoda were analyzed, which further provide basic materials for performing deviation rectification engineering of the pagoda.2)The height, gradient, inclination, interior structure, and cracks of the pagoda ancient pagoda were assessed through traditional measurement. Then, 3D laser scanning techniquewas used to draw the ancient pagoda and the digital topographic map of its surroundings.3)Based on the surveyed and measured data, the factors resulting in the inclination of the ancient pagoda was analyzed. The results show that the inclination mainly resulted from the factors including seismic effect, eccentric load,groundwater, and insufficient bearing capacity of the substratum for foundation soil. Among which, seismic effect acted as the mainly resulted, while other three factors further accelerated the inclination of the ancient pagoda.4)According to the factors causing the inclination of the ancient pagoda, and engineering geological conditions, the author designed the schemes for the deviation rectification of an ancient masonry pagoda, including grouting of rammed earth foundations, strengthening basic ring beams, fixing the pagoda with cables, and the correction of pagodas’ inclination through the soil removal with horizontal drilling. This work is expected to provide a basis for carrying out the deviation rectification project for ancient masonry pagodas.