Study On Supervision And Precontrol Of Major Construction Engineering Hazards

At present, with occupying an important position in China’s national economy, the development of China’s construction industry is in full swing. The safety supervision and the prevention of construction project implementation process play a significant role on the smooth progress of the building project. However, at this stage, the construction works of major accidents, serious accidents occur frequently, because emergency monitoring and prevention systems haven’t been fully completed yet, which cannot effectively identify the major hazards and their distribution of the key construction area, and it is even not in a position to control the dynamic changes, both of which led to a huge security risk in the construction of building construction. Thus, it is necessary to control the safety of engineering construction. In this paper, through the literature review and the relevant theoretical basis, the author firstly analyzes the relevant types and features of major accidents occurred in the building construction, and several identification methods of major hazards during the construction process. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis of the security of major hazards is performed by the LECD method and the fault tree analysis. On this basis, the paper targeted proposes specific measures of the construction safety management, in the hope of playing a reference value to strengthen the supervision of major hazards and to improve regulatory efficiency for the related enterprises of construction engineering in our country, which has a certain reference value.The thesis is divided into five chapters to analyze. In the first chapter, it focuses on the theoretical background, research theories and practical significance from the overall structure, and consolidates the domestic and international literature review to present the main research content and research methods; in the second chapter, the safety of building construction hazards is analyzed, with emphasizing the need to strengthen the safety controlling of building construction, analyzing the causes of generation of safety risks during the process of building construction and the relations between hazards and safety risks; in the third chapter, the security of major hazards of building construction safety is analyzed by the LECD method and the fault tree analysis method, including the identification of major hazards of building construction safety and safety evaluation; in the fourth chapter, it analyzes the current situation of building construction safety and the existing questions of major hazards of building construction; in the fifth chapter, with emphasizing the importance of prior pre-control management of the major hazards of building construction, and developing the prior safety management systems and implementation methods of the major hazards, it presents the solutions of the construction supervision and prior pre-control measures of major hazards of building construction. Moreover, it also presents the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions of three major hazards:the collapse of deep pits, the collapse of tall formwork construction and regulatory lifting equipment hazard. Furthermore, the suggestions of construction safety supervision and management during the construction process with major hazards recommended in this thesis is helpful to strengthen the supervision of major hazards and to improve regulatory efficiency for the related enterprises of construction engineering in our country, which has a certain reference value.