The Automotive Anti-collision Radar Signal Processing Research And System Design

Automotive anti-collision radar technology has a very high research value, which not only can be used in the car collision system, but also can be employed in the automotive adaptive cruise control system and unmanned systems. Compared to other automotive anti-collision radar technologies, the automotive anti-collision microwave radar with linear frequency modulation continuous waves(FMCW) has a stronger environment adaptability, wider detection range, higher precision, faster response time, etc. It becomes the research focus in many enterprises and research institutions. There have been many mature applications of FMCW microwave radar technology in aerospace and military weapons, but the application of this technology in automobile electronic is only on the initial stage. Up to present, most research about FMCW microwave radar technology is limited to a single module or a certain technique. In this thesis, the automotive anti-collision microwave radar that based on FMCW is studied from the perspective of radar system. The research contents include the technology of FMCW radar and the automotive anti-collision radar system design method, which starts from the actual demand of automotive anti-collision and for the purpose of automotive anticollision radar system implementation.1. Through the actual demand analysis, the thesis gives the performance indexes of target detection on short-range and long-range radar in automotive anti-collision radar. The thesis also analyzes the principle of FMCW radar, which points out that the technical difficulties of automotive anti-collision radar range and velocity measurement are the estimations of target signal frequency and target detection. The thesis gives the detailed processing steps of automotive anti-collision radar signal through comparative analysis on different algorithms of point target frequency estimation and target detection, combining the difficulties of the project implementation.2. The main parameters of antenna radio frequency module and signal processor are designed, the rationalities of which are verified by the radar equation. According to the radar signal processing and system parameters, the system schemes of signal processor are designed and demonstrated. Then, in the hardware design of signal processor, the selections of the electronic components, printed circuit board design and debugging of each module circuit are carried out.3. The author completed the construction of hardware system through the design of hardware circuit programs. The functions of range and velocity measurements in automotive anti-collision radar are achieved through the implementation of programming on hardware system of the automotive anti-collision radar signal processing.4. The test platforms are built. The test signals are randomly generated with the test platforms, which are applied to the intermediate frequency signal processor test. The testing results show that the processing gain of the signal processor is about 23 dB, the range error is ? 1 m, and the velocity measuring error is ? 3 m/s. Finally, through the error analysis, this thesis demonstrates the rationality of the system design.The main characteristic of the design is that signal processor can be from the upper machine, and the independent implementation of signal processing. In the testing process, the system can working steadily and has reached the expected requirements.